WPCc  0H#f %u U0{ 04  `@N AM- z 0P@ 0K D3 B o+ 0 P&U)Lv`   1mU)TU&4T!`qULUhLEUTUlLUL1n} 0~ 0x 0kw 0k 0M 0~ 0e 06 0! 0! 0 " 01# 0C$ 0V5& 0' 0Z( 0( 0) 0e* 0!+ 0+ 0, 0X- 0z- 0u. Y/ 1j/ 0=/ 0F<0 0P0 00 11 02ip3 0O6U.(7EV7nX7n[9nX:q`;A<U<>U4N>A>U4?U'T?^K@ULA^A SCU<YCCU4DD.F5G.H (J!b!d!f!h!j! m! q!t!x!z! }!!-!=!M!]!m!}!!!!!=!!!!ݢ!ݦ!ͪ!ݬ!!! )F UJ"V;P'.JYMz :Right Par[5]Right-Aligned Paragraph Numbers..` ..`  .. ..h..2(1)3  Ԁ..0h..hHP LaserJet Series IIcript PlusHP2.PRS  0C:\PSFONTSH"y"\X)\  `TmsRmnAD( T$  C:\ACIP\GRAPHICS\LOGOS\ACPLOGO4.WPG A<< C\w1R :0 Level 1'm Level 2D$N]L Level 3F2FN6 Level 4+F2N* Level 5 V$w((3M$ T!  W ( $ Figure  1   'dxd dWPC'z z 5133,`zx  z1T`ggjs{l_TL D$;;.MZdp}+5;=;4) )@@O_n} g?jyLsTp]jbaddJ`/UHC@<:D!J@L_I~C:/ 5I^pifeeetn~V=% oVz:N   J :- $ ,3;;;:9|l^N@@) {uuw~{ncYzLi:\$R H?3$ {slg((3M$ T!  W -x# p`4PalatinoDiaRomanType 1  M'   JX!XXX܈X<XXJX! @A<qXX<TheAsianClassicsInstitute #X<Xj D'*d>> D'*d>H1H2H3H4H5H6H7H8H910111213141516171819202122232425262728"  .+ '++"('2$ T!  W <6X9`(Courier<6X9`(CourierXx6X@8;X@.4`PalatinoDIXXp4 PI3XPX `$TibetanMachineXHPPd#AP<6X9`(CourierXx6X@8;X@<6X9`(CourierXx6X@8;X@.4`PalatinoDIXXp4 PI3XP g M'   X< XXX܈< XX<@ ContemplationsonthePracticeofGivingandTaking(TongLen)    @56TableofContents x Ѐ #X< X܈.XX܈S!܈ACICourseIII,AppliedMeditation  @. 5ReadingTwo:AThousandAngelsoftheHeavenofBliss̀.4`PalatinoDI  M'   @u2܈XX܈S! ܈ACICourseIII,AppliedMeditation  @. )ReadingTwo:AThousandAngelsoftheHeavenofBliss̀ $ M'   PX<XXX܈P<qXPX< @K 0TheSixPreliminariestoMeditation,andtheSevenIngredients  Ѐ #PX<XjPQ,,10QqTKmYm,, m܈7SCSXS#{Tz5ZCZ=XZ@aNaa#qT=iNi=iT1T>T=0TqVJoYo o#TGxYx= xT OwYw w O{Y{ {n|S =?bGbbn|T ;YCYXYI ;\C\X\n|T u2J8JJ? sv1M8MMn|6SCSXS5 6SCScXS W;PCPXPG+ ;YCYXYxT /@`H``!   @WHWWG *A`H``x @dHddn|'BCB^XBY i^@Y Rc^Y T x@T `t TR aGT EhNhhj DkNkkn|y.E8EE#`T{,K8K=K D]N]]GW }g *3|PFa"u^CCRdd$CCdq2C28dddddddddd88qqqYzoCNzoozzC8C^dlYdYdYCdd88d8dddfCN8ddddY`g`l2CCCCdDDDCDDDdYYYYYYzYzYzYzYC8C8C8C8ddddddddddYddddcodYYYYYYYdzYzYzYzYddddddddC9C9C8C9Ndz8z8z8z8z8ddddddCCCoNoNoNoNz8z8z8dddddddzYzYzYdz8dCoNz8dddddzYC99dN3XVCYUUbmb82m8822ZZ55dd2Z8']yx]Cqb"u^NCQddȧ(CCdr2C28ddddddddddCCrrrdzNdzoȐC8CtdhdoYoYCdo8Co8odooYNCodddYO4Oh&CCCCdDDDCDDDodddddȐYYYYYN8N8N8N8oddddooooddoddddzodddYYYYoYYYYddddddooN9N9N8N9do88888ooooddȐYYYoNoNoNoNCCCooooooȐdYYYo8oYoNCddodoYN99dNVCdIId|bEEm2222ffd//dd2f2'xxxxCrx"u^NN_uu¶*NNu:N:AuuuuuuuuuuAAh׭N[ϨܨNANmu~huhuhNuuAAuAuuuwN[Auuuuhpxp~:NNNNuPPPNPPPuhhhhhϜhhhhhNANANANAuuuuuuuuuuhuuuusuhhhhhhhuhhhhuuuuuuuuNCNCNANC[uAAAAAuuuuuuϨNNN[[[[AAAuuuuuuܨuhhhuAuN[AuuuuuhNCCuN;gdNhccrrA:AA::ii>>uu:iA'llNr"u^[N^uu/NNu:N:AuuuuuuuuuuNNu٨[uܨ騨NANuyuhhNuANA‚uh[Nuuuh\=\y,NNNNuPPPNPPPuuuuu騨hhhhh[A[A[A[Auuuuuuuuutuuuhhhhhhhhuuuuuu[C[C[A[CuAAAAAuu騨hhh[[[[NNN騨uhhhAh[Nuuuh[CCuNdNuUUurQQ::::wwu66uu:w:'N"u^I>K]]&>>]j/>/4]]]]]]]]]]>>jjj]}}rI]}rh}}>4>l]a]hShS>]h4>h4h]hhSI>h]]]SJ1Ja#>>>>]@@@>@@@h]]]]]S}S}S}S}SI4I4I4I4h]]]]hhhh]]h]]]]rh]]]SSSSh}S}S}S}S]]]]]]hhI5I5I4I5]h}4}4}4}4}4hhhh]]SSShIhIhIhI}>}>}>hhhhhh]}S}S}Sh}4hShI}>]]h]h}SI55]N}}P>]DD]t[AAzze/zz///__]++]]/_/'pppp>jp"u^YYm0YYCYCJJJvƲYhYJY}vvvYJJJυYhJvCYYYY[[[Y[[[vvvvvvvvvvYJYJYJYJvvvvvvvvvvvvYLYLYJYLhJJJJJYYYhhhhJJJvvvJYhJvYLLNCvrYvqqJCJƮJCCxxGGCxJ'||Y"hl^hYk 6YYCYCJYYh YJYvvYJYJvhYviEi3YYYY[[[Y[[[ vvvvvhJhJhJhJvvvvvvvvhLhLhJhLJJJJJ vvvhhhhYYY vvvJvhYvhLLNrYbb]]CCCC>>CC'Yvh"h^CJc7YYhCYCCCvZY YYYvYN>NiqWYYYY YYYYCeYSYYvZMZMZMZMvvvvZMZNZNZMYNNNNNiiiqqqqWWWNiqWZMMNYYPJJXX JP$k"h^CJk=YYvCYCOCCvhh  YYYvhYYYhvYSSYY YYYYYYYYYY vhYhYhYhYvvvvhYhYhYhYhYYYYYhhhvvvvYYY YhvYhYYNuPJJhh  YP$k"u^5;Vkk0GG_5G5?kkkkkkkkkk55_wSSղՎGGkGk_kSwGGGwS_GwkwkBBGGGGGGGGGGGGkkkkkզ_kkkkSGSGSGSGwwwwwkwwwwkkk____kkkkwwwwwwSGSGSGSGSGGGGGwwSSS____GGGվwkkkGS_GwwwkSGGwNkkkk]h@;;kkkSSkkGk@$U"u^28Jdd*CCNy2C2ydddddddddd22yyyYzzoCCzyi{ȅCyCydCdoYz`Cot:/o:tmxpOUAyqgodCyCyCCCCCC2LC?CCodddddYz`z`z`z`C9C9C9C9tmmmmyyyyodzomomyxdddYYYYzz`z`z`z`oooooottC9C:C:C9Coz:z:z:z:z:ttttmmOOOiUiUiUiU{A{A{Ayyyyyyodddzz:tOiU{Aoozmyz`C99mNy~ddddCC<88dddBBddyz8d<$Py"u^28Pdd-CCYy2C2;dddddddddd22yyyYzoNNzȧzzȅCyCydCdzYzdNozCCzCzozzNYCzodod>y>yCCCCCCCCCCCCzdddddȜYzdzdzdzdNCNCNCNCzoooozzzzodzoooozzdddYYYYzzdzdzdzdoooooozzNCNCNCNCNzzCzCzCzCzCzzzzooNNNzYzYzYzYCCCzzzzzzȲodddzzCzNzYCoozozzdNCCoNyddddXb<88dddNNddzzCd<$Pz"u^*.>SS#88Ae*8*eSSSSSSSSSS**eeeJ}fvf]88yfeoXfxooo8e8eS8S\JfP8]a1']1a[d]BG6e^V]S8e8e888888*?8488]SSSSS~vJfPfPfPfP80808080a[[[[eeeeo]Sf][o][edSSSvJvJvJvJffPfPfPfP]]]]]]aa808181808y]f1f1f1f1f1aaaa[[oBoBoBXGXGXGXGf6f6f6eeeeeeo]oSoSoSff1aoBXGf6o]o]f[efP800[NeiSSSS882}}..SSS77SSee.S2$Ce"u^*.CSS&88Je*8*1SSSSSSSSSS**eeeJ}oxf]AAffxfoooo8e8eS8SfJfSA]f88f8f]ffAJ8f]S]S4e4e888888888888fSSSSSxJfSfSfSfSA8A8A8A8f]]]]ffffo]Sf]]o]]ffSSSxJxJxJxJffSfSfSfS]]]]]]ffA8A8A8A8Aff8f8f8f8f8ffff]]xAxAxAfJfJfJfJo8o8o8ffffffo]oSoSoSff8fxAfJo8o]o]f]ffSA88]NekSSSSIQ2}}..SSSAASSff8S2$Cf"u^CCTdd+CCd2C28ddddddddddCCdzzzzCYozzdozzooN8N^dlddYdY8dd88Y8ddddNN8dYYYNPgPl2CdCCdDDDCDDDdzdzdzdzdzdYzYzYzYzYC8C8C8C8dddddddddoYzddddoYdzdzdzdzdYYYYdzYzYzYzYddddddddC9C9C8C9YYo8o8o8o8o8ddddddzNzNzNdNdNdNdNo8o8o8ddddddoYoNoNoNdo8dzNdNo8oYoYdddzYC99dN3XVCYUUbmb82m8822ZZ55dd2Z8']yx]Cx"u^8Nodd8CCdr2C28ddddddddddCCrrrdNdzzozzzC8CrdrddYdYCdo88d8odddNN8oYdYNF4Fr&CCCCdDDDCDDDddddddYYYYYN8N8N8N8oddddoooozYddddzYdzddddYYYYdYYYYddddddooN9N9N8N9ddz8z8z8z8z8ooooddNNNoNoNoNoNz8z8z8oooooozYzNzNzNdz8oNoNz8zYzYddoYN99dNVCdIId|bEEm2222ffd//dd2f2'xxxCrx"u^2CdddCCCNy2C2;dddddddddd22yyydzzoCCozozCyCydCY]QdN8dd88Y8oYd]NNCodddYCyCyCCCCCCCCCCCCdYYYYYQzNzNzNzNC8C8C8C8oYYYYoooodYdYYdYzdYYYQQQQdzNzNzNzNddddddddC8C8C8C8CYo8o8o8o8o8ooooYYNNNoNoNoNoNzCzCzCoooooodYYYdo8oNoNzCdddYozNC88YNddddddCC<88dddCCddjm8d<$Po"u^2Cddd2CCYy2N2?dddddddddd22yyyYzoNNzozȐzCyCydCokYoYCdoCCoCoookNYNoododCyCyCCCCCoCCCCCCooooooYzYzYzYzYNCNCNCNCooooooooozooooozooooooYYYYozYzYzYzYddddddooNCNCNCNCNozCzCzCzCzCooooooNNNoYoYoYoYzNzNzNoooooozodddozCoNoYzNzozoooozYNCCoNyoodddCC<88dddCCoozz2d<$Po"u^6I>I>I>~vvvvxlxvxvlll````hhhhxxxxxx~~I>I?I?I>Hx?????~~~~vvVVVr\r\r\r\GGGͿxlll?~Vr\GxxvhI>>vNllllHHA<<lllHHll>EBDH779===GCI@ACDDDHCHGHAHHGGHHHGGGHCEH:779:E@:?CIAF==?S998:;:?AH999:=C>903/2RHB73@P '5..ll)"\i{55V~n}~}Vi5{{!! n"\lbs22Qxv~gUxv~UQb2ss g"h^  oCC          CCCFzF)FBdGdddCC  'F)6})6#A+B-) CC)     zFFFF6####BBBBd) F)#d)#BA   zzzzFFFFF))))))66)FFFFF6666##dddGGGBBBBBBd)d d d FF6dGd)d)F#BF#NCO          CD $Bd)"h^}h/}}/}}///v2c2~k2.N3iNNN//2#u#-.//}{c2222#....N2N.-cccc22222~~~~~~##k22222####NNN333......NNNN22#N3NN2.2N/:vv/0$.N"&ld8 }}j"h^}/}}}}///vi2N2iN2N2iiNN//i//iiiii?N2222NiN2iiiNNNN2222iiiiiiNNNN222NNNNN2NN2Nvv$N"u^:AWuuĶ1NN[:N:uuuuuuuuuu::hON·{霜NNuNuhpND7DΈ\cLxuNNNNNNNN:YNINNuuuuuܱhppppOCOCOCOCˆu‚uuuhhhhppppˆˆOCODODOCNDDDDDˆˆˆˆ\\\{c{c{c{cLLLΜuuuDˆ\{cLpOCCNuuuuNNFAAuuuMMuuAuF$]"u^:A^uu5NNh:N:Euuuuuuuuuu::h[[¨霜NNuNuhu[NNNϏ[hNuuHHNNNNNNNNNNNNuuuuu鶨huuuu[N[N[N[N‚‚‚‚u‚‚‚uuuhhhhuuuu‚‚‚‚‚‚[N[N[N[N[NNNNN‚‚[[[hhhhNNNϜuuuN[hN‚u[NN‚NuuuufrFAAuuu[[uuNuF$]"u^88DSS88S^*8*.SSSSSSSSSS..^^^J|ooxf]xx8Axfxx]xo]fxxxxf8.8NSZJSJSJ8SS..S.SSSU8A.SSxSSJPVPZ*8888S9998999SxJxJxJxJxJooJfJfJfJfJ8.8.8.8.xSxSxSxSxSxSxSxSxSxSxJxSxSxSxSxR]S|J|J|JoJoJoJoJxSfJfJfJfJxSxSxSxSxSxSxSxS80808.80AxSf.f.f.f.f.xSxSxSxSxSxSxo8o8o8]A]A]A]Af.f.f.xSxSxSxSxSxSxxSfJfJfJxSf.xSo8]Af.xSxSxSxSxSfJ800xSN*JG8JGGQ[Q.*ll[.||ml.**KKw,,SS*K.'MedM8^Q"u^A8CSS"88S_*8*.SSSSSSSSSS88___SxoxxofASoxfx]oxxxxo8.8aSWS]J]J8S].8].]S]]JA8]SxSSJB+BW 88~88S9998999]xSxSxSxSxSxxJoJoJoJoJA.A.A.A.x]SSSSx]x]x]x]xSxSx]SSxSxSf]xSxSxSxJxJxJxJx]oJoJoJoJSSSSSS]]A0A0A.A0S]o.o.o.o.o.x]x]x]x]SSxxJxJxJ]A]A]A]Ao8o8o8x]x]x]x]x]x]xxSoJoJoJx]o.x]xJ]Ao8xSxSx]Sx]oJA00SNooG8S==SgQ::mm[*||mm***UUS''SS*U*'dddd8_d"u^:Nuuu϶NNN[:N:Euuuuuuuuuu::uNNܶܨNNuNhl_u[AuuAAhAhul[[NuuuhNNNNNNNNNNNNNNuhhhhhܕ_[[[[NANANANAhhhhuhuhhuhuhhh____u[[[[uuuuuuuuNANANANANhAAAAAhh[[[[[[[NNNܶuhhhuA[[Nuuuh[NAAhNuuuuuuNNFAAuuuNNuu{AuF$]"[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{ T!  W    #XX#  f F% R FM=9h|  `z @H C HH8"8"% Z  8"8"HH#X#X#U# # XX#@6 1  g  #TheAsianClassicsInstitute >  # # ]  ##X#Xg  #{##XX#@ ContemplationsonthePracticeofGivingandTaking(TongLen)#X#X#G#EHC[:;EEC[:;EX XXX#XX@:7TableofContents J  Prayers  8 #X XN#OfferingtheMandala!h8".)1 k RefugeandTheWish!h8".(2 = DedicationoftheGoodnessofaDeed!h8".{93  ABuddhistGrace!h8".Z %4   XXContemplationsonthePracticeofGivingandTaking(TongLen)  L #X X# ` ContemplationOne!h8".2'5 /   ` WheredoesthepracticeofgivingandtakingfitintotheBuddhistpath?ContemplationTwop!g8". &11 ":  0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` Howdoesthepracticeofgivingandtakingrelatetodevelopingloveandcompassion?  8" 8" ContemplationThreep!g8".|(16 &!$ 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` Onthebenefitsofmeditatinguponloveandcompassion  8" 8" &  ContemplationFourp!g8"."'19 I)$' 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` Theoriginaltextonthepracticeofgivingandtaking,fromtheOffering 2*%( toLamas(LamaChupa)oftheFirstPanchenLama+k&) 8" 8" 'I)ContemplationFivep!g8". '24 ,=(+ 0 ` Whichgoesfirst,givingortaking?#-&),` 8"` 8"  #ЇContemplationSixp!g8". &26  0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` AnexplanationofthepracticeofgivingandtakinginthefirstreferencefromtheOfferingtoLamas  8" 8" ContemplationSevenp!g8".(29 t  0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` AnexplanationofthepracticeofgivingandtakinginthesecondreferencefromtheOfferingtoLamasF v 8" 8" ContemplationEightp!g8".V(33 H 0 ` Moreonthebreathinthepracticeofgivingandtaking ` 8"` 8" ContemplationNinep!g8".2'43    ` Whosesufferingdowetake?ContemplationTenp!g8". &48    ` AdditionaldetailsofthevisualizationContemplationElevenp!g8".)50 Iy  ` Whatisitthatwegive?ContemplationTwelvep!g8". )55 4  ` Onhowgivingandtakingworks,anddoesn'twork XXAdditionalreadings   #X X #AselectionfromTheGarden;ChapterIX:Compassionp!g8".H60  TheSixPreliminariestoMeditation,andtheSevenIngredientsp!g8".0S82 ]!   %1  XXYXXX@Y@ XXY7XXdXXd7X@8Y @@Y 0 "XX'" "pXX'": #@Y@ Y!#Ԉ X @@ @@YX X @@@y<mandel m XXY~  < # 5 \ < ` < e # < ; $ 0 ) # / g 0  ? XYX YX X XXYsashipukyijukshingmetoktram, T XXY~  9 9 / u $ / 5 ( w < / { , - 7 +  &  XYX YX X XXYrirablingshinyindegyenpadi, ;  XXY~  < $ < { < 5 $ + + 0 # < ) + / : / 9 / b     XYX YX X XXYsangyeshingdumikteulwargyi, "  XXY~  7 i ! , F 0 + # 5 $ : + - 9 ; #    XYX YX X XXYdrokunnamdakshinglachuparshok.    XXY~  > + # 9 9 ) "['" , "(['" 0 "k'"p  "pk'" : ! , 4 ) 8 0   XYX YX X XXYIdamgururatnamandalakamniryatayami. +  OfferingtheMandala   HereisthegreatEarth,Filledwiththesmellofincense,Coveredwithablanketofflowers,TheGreatMountain,TheFourContinents,WearingajewelOftheSun,andMoon.InmymindImakethemTheParadiseofaBuddha,AndofferitalltoYou.BythisdeedMayeverylivingbeingExperienceThePureWorld.Idamgururatnamandalakamniryatayami.  1,)& XXY~    / < 7 i < 0 < /  +  X    YX X~ @8kyabdrosemkyeXXY~ Ԉ m  < $ < { < & < + $ 2 # < ` 0 & # F 0 < : XYX YX X XXYsangyechudangtsokyichoknamla,  ( XXY~  e $ & / / 9 + / + # ,  / < < 0 & <  ;  XYX YX X XXYjangchubbardudaknikyabsuchi, P  XXY~  / + # # < , < # < / b < - 7 / < + , 0 < ` <     XYX YX X XXYdakkijinsokgyipaysunamkyi,    XXY~  7 i : . , d 9 < $ < { < 7 i / - 9 ; #   XYX YX X XXYdrolapenchirsangyedrupparshok.   RefugeandTheWish  S IgoforrefugeTotheBuddha,Dharma,andSanghaUntilIachieveenlightenment.BythepowerOfthegoodnessthatIdoIngivingandtherest,MayIreachBuddhahoodForthesakeOfeverylivingbeing.  %?# XXY~ @'8 / W /  X XYX YX X XXY@=ngowa m XXY~  + # / 7 + 8 <  / ! ,  ( XYX YX X XXYgewadiyikyewokun, =  XXY~  / < + , 0 < 8 ; < 2 # < J # < ; $    XYX YX X XXYsunamyeshetsokdzokshing,    XXY~  / < + , 0 < 8 ; < : < e $ / 7  p  XYX YX X XXYsunamyeshelejungway,   XXY~  + 0 - U # ( < 7 * / - 9 ; #  @ XYX YX X XXYdampakunyitoparshok. U  DedicationoftheGoodnessofaDeed  h BythegoodnessOfwhatIhavejustdoneMayallbeingsCompletethecollectionOfmeritandwisdom,AndthusgainthetwoUltimatebodiesThatmeritandwisdommake.  k$" XXY~ "pX'"@7 0 & + -   @= YX X~ chupa  XXY~  ` Y , - v 0 + < $ < { < 9 , - & # Y*#   ` X X~ X XXXtonpalamesanggyerinpoche,    XXY~  `  / - v 0 + + 0 & < 9 , - &   XYX YX X XXY ` kyoppalamedamchurinpoche,     XXY~  ` 7 l , - v 0 + + # 7 + , 9 , - &    XYX YX X XXY ` drenpalamegendunrinpoche,     XXY~  `  / < # , < + ! , 0 & # # < 0 : 0 & + - 7 / :    XYX YX X XXY ` kyabnekonchoksumlachupabul.    ` ABuddhistGrace     `  ` Iofferthis ` TotheTeacher ` Higherthananyother, ` ThepreciousBuddha. ` Iofferthis ` Totheprotection ` Higherthananyother, ` ThepreciousDharma. ` Iofferthis ` Totheguides ` Higherthananyother, ` ThepreciousSangha. ` Iofferthis ` Totheplacesofrefuge, ` TotheThreeJewels, ` Rareandsupreme.  &$" X XX c TheAsianClassicsInstituteELC[:;EEIC[:;EContemplationsonthePracticeofGivingandTaking(TongLen) ContemplationOne n  8 `  Wheredoesthepracticeofgivingandtaking ` `  0 ` fitintotheBuddhistpath? b ` 8"` 8" #3#  X X Toanswerthisquestionweturnfirsttoatopicaloutlineofthemostfamoussource f fortheteachingsongivingandtaking;thatis,AnOfferingtoLamas,the O IndivisibleUnionofBlissandVoidness,bytheFirstPanchenLama,Lobsang 8 ChukyiGyaltsen(1567?1662).TheoutlineitselfwascomposedbyNgulchuDharmaBhadra(17721851),animportantfigureinthelineageofteachingsoftheAngelofDiamond(VajraYogini).HereweseeinoutlineformtheplacethatourpracticetakeswithinthestepsofthepathtoBuddhahood:thelamrim. ^ XYXXXY XXY/# < 0 -  < / & , - 7 : 0 : v $ 2 : : # ( < /B  ԍ[s]C  e $ & / < 0 < /  +  0 E 0 E2 : + $ ./< 0 < /  + , < + - B  ԍ[t]C  : y / 2 : : //+ $ - : # ( < /< 0 < EE/  + ` { : y / B  ԍ[t]C  2 : + $ ./< 0 < /  + + $ < : y / 2 : : //+ $ - : EE# < 0 /B  ԍ[t]C  : 0 b I / X $ B & , - /  + 2 : // + # # 5 , B  ԍ[t]C  0 ( 0 / B / V 0 2 : /v $ # + , 2 , T # 0 / Y , B  ԍ[t]C  - 7 /# ( < - : # < 0 // + # # 5 , 0 ( 0 - EE/ V 0 2 : // + # B  ԍ[t]C  # 5 , / B / / V 0 2 : /# ) $ : , e 2 : : //# ( < - : EEB  ԍ[t]C  / 5 // + # # % < 7 3 , b  , /# 5 , # % < 7 3 , b 8 , ) , /B  ԍ[s]C   , 8 , b + ,  )$ E )$ E/ Z / // + # # 5 , / B / + $ < < //# < 0 - B  ԍ[t]C  v $ # + , 2 , T # 0 / Y , - EE: # < 0 // < 0 - < B  ԍ[t]C  z , $ , : 0 / 9 2 : /2 # % # # ( 0 < : , + $ v EEB  ԍ[t]C  7 e $ < - 7 2 + / 9 / < z , $ , : 0 / 9 2 : + $ B  ԍ[t]C  + 0 2 # / y / - 7 /# ( < - < 0 < /  + + $ < : y / 2 : : B  ԍ[t]C  # ( < /^ , < 0 < /  + 2 : + $ ./7 ' # Z 0 : , 2 : : /# ( < - B  ԍ[t]C  < 0 < /  + , < + - : y / 2 : : l # / , EE- : y / B  ԍ[t]C  2 : /2 : h 0 < : y / 2 : // 6 + - : ...// I , 7 i < : .../B  ԍ[s]C  / < 0 # ) , : .../; < 9 / : y / 2 : : //l # - : # < 0 /0 ( 0 B  ԍ[t]C  # 5 # , 0 EE0 " 7 F : 7 e 9 /B < * / 0 7 + / 0 7 P B  ԍ[t]C  / 7 a + & < < //# ( < - E B EE* # - 7 : 0 : v $ B  ԍ[t]C  2 :  YX X~ III.HowtoTrainOnesHeartinthePathforThoseofGreaterScope   0 ` A.HowtodeveloptheWishforenlightenment(bodhichitta) ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8" 1.HowtotrainoneselfinthethingsthatcausetheWish 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  a.Howtodeveloptheveryrootofthepath:greatcompassion h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  b.Howtomeditateonthepracticeofseeingoneselfandothersasequal,andthenexchangingeachother h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8" h i.Howtomeditateonseeingonselfandothersasequal 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8" h ii.Howtomeditateonexchangingoneselfandothers 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8"08"8"  a)Problemsthatarecausedbycherishingoneself 8"8" E E0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8"08"8"  b)Benefitsthatcomefromcherishingothers*#8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8"08"8"  &  E Ec)Asummaryoftheproblemsandthebenefits'L 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8"08"8"  d)Theactualpracticeofexchangingoneselfandothers 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8" 0h8"h8" h iii.Howtopracticegivingandtaking ] 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  c.Apresentationofremainingpointsonthetrainingofthemind h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8" h i.Howtouseyourattitudetotransformbadcircumstancesintothepath 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8" h ii.Howtoturnthisentirelifeintopractice,andhowtojudgewhetherornotyou'vesucceededintrainingthemind 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"0h8"h8" h iii.Howtouseyouractionstotransformbadcircumstancesintothepath,andtrainingoneselfinthepledges 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8" 2.HowtotrainoneselfintheWishitself 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  a.HowtodeveloptheWishintheformofaprayer h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  b.HowtotakethevowtoactouttheWish h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` B.Howtotrainoneselfintheactivitiesofabodhisattva,onceonehasdevelopedtheWish  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"1.Howtotrainoneselfingiving  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"2.Howtotrainoneselfinethicalliving  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"3.Howtotrainoneselfinnotgettingangry  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"4.Howtotrainoneselfinjoyfuleffort  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"5.Howtotrainoneselfinmeditation  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"6.Howtotrainoneselfinwisdom  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  a.Thedeeppracticeofemptyspace"theperiodin &" meditation h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  b.Thedeeppracticeofillusion"theperiodafterwards( $h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  c.Featuresoftheviewofthemiddleway h8"h8" Followedby"HowtoTrainOnesHeartinthePathoftheWayofthe +#' Diamond..."@:************Weoftenseethepracticeofgivingandtakingplacedwithinthecontextofthe t  teachingsonexchangingoneselfandothers,asforexampleintheoutlinetoA ]  Seven-PartRitualincludingAlltheEssentialPointsforCollectingGoodnessandPurifyingWrong,composedbythefirstChangkyaRinpoche,NgawangLobsang /_ Chunden(16421714),aformerlifeofPabongkaRinpoche:̀ 1  X8XXX<8 XX8* # - & , - 9 7 ' # - 7 V + - 7 D , < 0 < /  + 2 : : /B  ԍ[s]C  { 7 o < 0 , $ #    B   B/ , b V , < /  + 2 : // + # # 5 , B  ԍ[t]C  0 ( 0 / B 7 V , < /  + 2 : # ( < /{ BB7 o < 0 , $ # B  ԍ[t]C  / , b V , < < 0 < /  + 2 : : /< 0 < % , * 0 < % + : BB< 0 < B  ԍ[t]C  X 0 - 9 / - /# 5 , + , + , # ( 9 b v /  + - /< 0 < B  ԍ[t]C  /  + 2 : BB+ $ < # < 0 /# 5 , + , + , # ( 9 b v /  + - B  ԍ[t]C  : /0 9 ; < /l , l , /l , BB/ 6 //8 + 7 $ # e 0 < - /X $ B B  ԍ[t]C  & , - //T # / < 0 F 0 + # Y l # / + # BB# 5 , 0 ( 0 / B 7 B  ԍ[t]C  V , < < 0 < /  + 2 : : /# ) $ : , $ / + $ ./< 0 < BBB  ԍ[t]C  /  + 2 : # ( < /< 8X< X~ <0 `  A.HowtodeveloptheWishforenlightenment,whichisthedoorforentering ! thegreaterway,andthebasisforengaginginthedeedsofthebodhisattva ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` 1.DevelopingtheWishthroughthesevenstep,causeandeffectmethod  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8" a.Reachingastateofequalmindednesstowardsalllivingbeings 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8" b.Developingthestateofmindwhereinonestrivestoachievethegoalsofothers 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  i.Recognizingthemasyourmother h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  ii.Recallingtheirkindness+#h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  iii.Repayingtheirkindness h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  iv.The"beautiful"formoflove h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  v.Greatcompassion h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8"0h8"8"  vi.Personalresponsibility h8"h8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8" c.HowtheWishisactuallydeveloped 8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` 2.DevelopingtheWishthroughthepracticeofexchangingoneselfandothers  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"0 8" 8" a.Thepracticeofgivingandtaking  8"8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"b.HowtheWishisdeveloped  8" 8" Thefollowingsectiondescribinganextraordinarycombinationofthetwomethodsof   reachingtheWishforEnlightenment,comesfromADetailedOutlineofthe   "Dissection"InstructionfortheStepsofthePathtoBuddhahood.Acopyofthis w  textwasfoundinthepersonallibraryofKyabjeTrijangRinpoche,tutorofHisHoliness,thepresentDalaiLama.X8XXX<8 XX8# % # l : )  $ 2 : : / % # < 0 // ) $ X 0 < /0 9 ; < /B  ԍ[s]C  l , l , /l ,  K B K B# 6 // + # # 5 , 0 ( 0 - /9 $ # % < 7 3 , b B  ԍ[t]C   , V 0 , < / < 0 - /# 5 , BB# % < 7 3 , b 8 , ) , V B  ԍ[t]C  0 , < / < 0 - /# 5 , # % < - 9 7 3 , 7 < - 7 { BB0 2 , // + # B  ԍ[t]C  # 5 , / B / + $ < /X $ B 7 + 0 # < - I : / ) , , < : , - /B  ԍ[s]C  e 0 < - 7 + 0 # < - I : / ) , , < # ) $ / /T # / < 0 /< 0 < B  ԍ[t]C  /  + + $ < BB/ % < `  $ 2 : : /B  ԍ[s]C  < 8X< X~ <Therearethirteenstepstotheinstructionsonhowtocarryoutthecombined % practice:0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (1)Equanimitytowardsallbeings.  8" 8" 0 ` (2)Recognizingthemasyourmother. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` (3)Recallingalltheirkindness. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` (4)Decidingtorepaytheirkindness. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` (5)Seeingyourselfandothersasequal.+($ ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (6)Contemplating,frommanydifferentangles,theproblemsofcherishingyourself  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (7)Contemplating,frommanydifferentangles,theadvantagesofcherishingothers  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (8)Reasonswhyitisveryrighttocherishothers  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (9)Theactualpracticeofexchangingyourselfandothers  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (10)Thepracticeoftaking,accompishedbyfocusingonthecategoryofcompassion  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (11)Thepracticeofgiving,accomplishedbyfocusingonthecategoryoflove  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` (12)Personalresponsibility  8" 8" 0 ` (13)TheactualWishforenlightenment. ` 8"` 8"     Ѐ   <XX<ContemplationTwo0 `  Howdoesthepracticeofgivingandtakingrelate ` 8"` 8"  ` todevelopingloveandcompassion?#X< Xn B  ԍ[s]C   ` /< 0 < $ + $ < : + $ < # 5 7 # , < U / < + $ ./ ` B  ԍ[s]C  /B < + $ * , 0 2 0 < U / < ` ( 0 < : , # ( < /< 8X< X~ <0 ` Thesecondpartisactuallytrainingthemindbystriving}` 8"` 8" 0 ` Forothers'goals,andcomesintwosections:practicing ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Duringtheactualsession,thenafterandinbetweentimes. ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8 ` /+ $ - : 8 $ # ( < ) # ) $ / 8 / !#Q  ` B  ԍ[s]C  /V , < e 0 < - / V 0 + $ : , - 8 / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /V , < X $ B / V 0 - 7 + $ - , / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /# ) $ : , # ( < - \ : 0 9 $ 5 < # < $ < / `)! < 8X< X~ <0 ` Thefirstofthesehastwoaswell: practicinggiving` 8"` 8" 0 ` Forthemeditationonlove,andpracticingtakingfor ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Themeditationuponcompassion. Thefirstisdescribed ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Inthewords,"Alternatethetwo,ofgivingandtaking." ` 8"` 8" @W<***************TheFirstPanchenLamaalsodescribestheconnectionbetweenthepracticeofgiving /_ andtaking,andcompassion: H B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8 ` /7 + P 9  7 & 8 Z # / W : /   B  ԍ[s]C   ` /0 7 / < / 6 + + ! 7 7 l < 0 , 9 / 7 / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /" 0 < # < 0 7 " 9 / 8 # , < : / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /5 : # 8 $ 8 $ 9 $ V 0 < ; # < 8X< X~ <0 ` Meditateforyourselftofindanattitudeofdisgust>n` 8"` 8" 0 ` Forthisworldofcycliclife,threerealmswhereeveryoneofus ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Istorturedasthoughinapitoffirenoonecouldeverbear, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Sufferinginjustthiswaythepainsofbirthanddeath. ` 8"` 8" 0 `  ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8 ` /9 $ ( 0 < Z # / W : : + - # < ) /   ` B  ԍ[s]C  /0 9 b 9 ( 0 * # # 7 i : / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /X $ B / % < 0 , /  + : / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /# ) $ : , \ : 0 9  $ < ; # < 8X< X~ <0 ` Lookatthemiserablestateofyourownpain,andtrytoguessfromit&O` 8"` 8" 0 ` Howallyourmothers,pitifullivingbeings,mustsufferthesame; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Developinthiswayastateofgenuinecompassion,'! ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andpracticeconstantlygivingandtaking,alternatingthetwo. ( !` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8 ` /0 + #  7 & 8 7 n : 7 " 9 / *"  ` B  ԍ[s]C  /D # - < / ) # < 1 0 : < # 5 , - 7 / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /i / { E : 1 0 8 $ 0 + - < / ` B  ԍ[s]C  /0 7 ' # < & < ( + $ $  9 5 # < 8X< X~ <0 ` Thishugemachinethatrunsourbirthanddeathasimpurethings?` 8"` 8" 0 ` Issomethingthat'screatedbyourprojections,andnothingmore: ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ithasinitnotasingleatomofexistingsomeotherway"` 8"` 8" 0 ` Throwyourselfthenintotherealmofthereal,purefearlessness. ` 8"` 8" @W<***************Healsogivescompassionasareasontopracticegivingandtaking:   B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/# 5 , 8 $ Z # / W : 8 , ) , , / X  B  ԍ[s]C  / / < l # < - < : / 9 e + /B  ԍ[s]C  /7 " 9 / - : X $ B  /B  ԍ[s]C  /Z # : 7 3 0 5 $ + # : + # 7 /< 8X< X~ <B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX85 < # < $ < - P 9 /Z # / W : + $ : , + $ ./7 " 9 / - : B  ԍ[t]C  X $ B + $ .// < 0   B  B- + < , , < / y $ < - 7 2 # < # < # B  ԍ[t]C  / $ # # ) $ : , : 7 / + - 9 0 3 + /< 8X< X~ <   Remembertheversethatgoes,0 ` Sufferingmoreoverdoeshavecertainbenefits: ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Itgivesyousadnessthatwipesawayyourarrogance, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andteachesyoucompassionforthosecaughtinthecircle; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Youstarttoavoidbaddeeds,andlearntotakejoyingood. ` 8"` 8" Thepointhereisthatyoushouldlearntotakeonsufferinghappily,andgaincompassionforthosewhoarecaughtinthecycleofsuffering. Andwiththis *N" motivationyoushouldmakegreateffortsinthepracticeofgivingandtaking,sothatyoucanamassgreatpositivespiritualenergy,andpurify + $ yourselfofspiritualobstacles.   @W<***************&  TheMongolBuddhistmasternamedNamkaPel,inhisMentalTrainingoftheRays t  oftheSun,repeatstheconnectionbetweengivingandtaking,andloveand ]  't compassion;hethenrelatestheimportanceofconsideringthebenefitsofeach: F v B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ $ - : # ( < /e 0 < - / V 0 - + $ ./X $ B / V 0 - 7 /B  ԍ[s]C  /+ $ - , /# ) $  H B H B: , # ( < - \ : 0 9 $ .//5 < # < $ < ) /B  ԍ[s]C  : < : $ < + + # I # 5 , : BB/ ) $ / 7 V , < e 0 < - B  ԍ[t]C  / V 0 - : /* # 0 9 . , 8 , / < 0 < , / # < BBl # B  ԍ[t]C   / 9 7 b 9 / < . , 8 , , /< 8X< X~ < W  Thefirstpoint,[howtoundertaketheactualpractice,]hastwosections:meditatingonlove,andmeditatingoncompassion. Thefirstisdescribedin U  thelinesthattalkabout"practicinggivingandtakingalternately""whichis >n tosay,weshouldmeditateuponlovebygivingawayourbodies,ourpossessions,andourstoresofgoodkarmatootherpeople. Ourjoyindoing (X sowillbemuchmorepowerfuliffirstofallwethinkcarefullyuponthebenefitsoflove,andsohereisadescriptionofthesebenefits.  *  <XX<ContemplationThreeOnthebenefitsofmeditatinguponloveandcompassion#X< X<# NamkaPelcontinueshistextwiththebenefitsofmeditatinguponloveand .^  compassion,inthecontextofpracticingthemeditationongivingandtaking: G  B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8) $ $ 7 3 , { : - : < /e / h # h # + g # < - 7 5 $ B  ԍ[t]C  + # , //0 & + - F 0    B   B0 $ + - # 0 + ' X + - // 0 & # B  ԍ[t]C  F 0 < : + 8 < D # 0 & + - < //e 0 < - 7 BB< 0 < ` i $ < + $ B  ԍ[t]C  & 9 0 . + //% < + $ < - { & / < 8 : 0 * 9 * # - 7 B  ԍ[t]C  5 $ BB: / < D # 0 & + - e + - : < / < + , 0 < & < & B  ԍ[t]C  / 9 # < $ < ..< 8X< X~ <TheKingofConcentrationsays, =m 0 ` Supposeyoutravelledtoagalaxycrowdedwithbillionsonbillions ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ofpureparadises,andtookaninfinitenumberofdifferentofferings ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andsatforeverpresentingthemalwaystothosehighestofbeings; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Nevercoulditequalafractionofthegoodofthoughtsoflove. ` 8"` 8" Thepointhereisthatthestateofmindcalled"love"representsmuchgreatergoodkarmathantheactoftakingvastmaterialwealthandmakingofferingsonaconstantbasistothemostinfinitelyholybeingswhocouldeverreceivethem...@~<**************InhisSunforHelpingOthers,thefirstChangkyaRinpochequotesthebenefitsof (+! lovementionedbytherealizedbeingNagarjunahimself: )"  B B *"! B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/7 + : e 0 < - / V 0 - 7 . , 8 , , /  B BB  ԍ[s]C  /9 , - & 8 7 n $ / 9 7 + U + # < $ < /< 8X< X~ <Herethenarethebenefitsofmeditatingonlove;  * RemembernowthewordsintheStringofJewelsthatgothisway:   B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/J 7 2 < < 0 / { 7 " 6 < + #   B  ԍ[t]C  /( , 9 < # < 0 , - < ` $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  /e 0 < - 8 + 1 0 * $ # % # # B  ԍ[t]C  // < + , 0 < + # # & 9 0 . + /< 8X< X~ <Supposethateverysingledayyouthreetimeswentandmade  9  Someofferingofdelectablefoodinthreehundredsilvercups;ThemeritthatyouperformedthiswaywouldneverequalevenAfractionofthegoodyougetfromamoment,aninstant,oflove.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/T 0 e 0 < - 9 7 b 9 / + $ ./  B  ԍ[s]C  /+ + # ` $ , r $ / + $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  /8 + / + / + $ / + 0 $ + $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  / # + $ 0 2 , b < # , + 0 + + $ ./< 8X< X~ <Thegodsaboveandmenaswellalltakeyouastheirfriend; # Andsotoodotheyundertakeforevertoprotectyou;Yourmindisalwayscontentedandyou'vepleasuresofmanykinds,Nevercanyoueverbeharmedbypoisonsoranyweapon.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/7 / + - 0 + - 9 + , 7 * / + $ ./ w(  B  ԍ[s]C  /2 $ < - 7 7 ' # D ,  7 b 9 ) / *" B  ԍ[s]C  /# : ) i : / 9 0 b 9 ` $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  /e 0 < & < 8 , ) , / { + 7 * / - /< 8X< X~ <Everythingyouundertakeyousucceedatwithoutanyeffort,  * AndafterwardsyoutakeyourbirthintheWorldofthePure.Evenshouldyoufailtoachieveyourliberation,StillyoufindtheeightfinequalitiesoftheLovingOne.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/5 < # < $ < $ < , 9 $ ( + ` /  B  ԍ[s]C  /: < + $ : $ < + + # I F 0 < /B  ԍ[s]C  /< 0 < % , , : : # < / ) $ / < /B  ԍ[s]C  /+ + # . , / + 0 : < + $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  /Q , - 9 b 9 % # X 0 - 8 /B  ԍ[s]C  /e 0 < - & , - / V 0 - 9 e /< 8X< X~ <Onceyou'vecometoseethetruthofallthesewords,thengo 5  Andgiveawayforeverylivingbeingyourverybody,Allofyourpossessions,andwhatvirtueyoumayhave;Goandmeditateuponthestateofgreatestlove,OnthoughtswhereinyouwishthatallofthemmayalwayshaveEverykindofhappinessandhelpthattherecouldbe.  d#  <XX<ContemplationFour /_ Theoriginaltextonthepracticeofgivingandtaking,0 ` fromtheOfferingtoLamas(LamaChupa)#S ` 8"` 8" 0 ` oftheFirstPanchenLama N ` 8"` 8" #X< X<#Perhapsthemostfamoussourceforthepracticeofgivingandtakingasitiscurrently 1  followedistheOfferingtoLamas(LamaChupa)oftheFirstPanchenLama.There   aretwoimportantversesforthepractice;wepresentthemhereinboldwithsomeoftheotherversesnearthem,inordertoshowthecontext.ThefirstofthetwoversesisconsideredsovitalthatinmodernTibetanmonasteriesitisrepeatedthreetimeswhenevertheOfferingisrecitedintheassemblyofmonks.  B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/Z # / W : n 0 1 0 8 $ 0 7 + + % $ ./ ` B  ԍ[s]C  // + : , 0 8 $ & # ; < 0 + - 9 , /B  ԍ[s]C  // + # + $ # 5 , : a + - 9 8 + 0 , 5 < /B  ԍ[s]C  /# 5 , / + + # 7 / /  + - 9 e , b < x / < /< 8X< X~ <Thereisnoonewhodesireseventheslightestkindofsuffering; ! Thereisnoonewhoeverfeelstheyhaveenoughofhappiness.PleasegivemeYourblessingtotellmyselfthenthatthereisnodifferenceBetweenmyselfandothers:teachmejoyintheirhappiness.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/9 $ ( + # % < - 9 7 3 , - 7 # % $ , + 7 + / A&q B  ԍ[s]C  /0 7 + + Z # / W :  + - 7 { 9 0 * $ , < /B  ԍ[s]C  /: : , / + < : 7 " , / 6 $ e < ) / k*" B  ԍ[s]C  // + # 7 3 , # + , & , 7 ' 0 < - 9 e , b < x / < /< 8X< X~ <Helpmetoseethatthischronicdiseaseofcherishingonlymyself   IstheverycausethatbringsmeallthesufferingIwishtoavoid;0 `  PleasegivemeYourblessingtolaytheblameproperly,andthenlearntodespise, ` 8"` 8" Andfinallysmashthisgreatestdemon,holdingthatthingshavesomenature.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/0 F 0 < # % < / 6 $ / + : 7 # + - 7 v / [ B  ԍ[s]C  /0 * 7 8 < 8 , ) , 7 e $ / 7 V 9 0 * $ , < /B  ԍ[s]C  /7 i / 7 + + # / + # # + i 9 : $ < ` $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  /r # : < # % < - 9 7 3 , - 9 e , b < x / < /< 8X< X~ <0 `  Helpmetoseethatcherishingmothers,thethoughttobringthemto   happiness, ` 8"` 8" Isthedoorwayformetodevelopwithinmehighqualitieswithoutlimit;PleasegivemeYourblessingtocherishallbeingsmorethanmylifeitself,Evenshouldeveryoneofthemcomeasmyenemytoattackme.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/0 + 9 , e < - 9 $ + , " , + $ ./ %U B  ԍ[s]C  /* / + / $ # 5 , + , 7 / 7 5 # 0 3 + - 8 /B  ԍ[s]C  / , + $ 8 , ) , + e / D # < - 7 v < /B  ԍ[s]C  // + # # 5 , 0 ( 0 / B < - 9 e , b < x / < /< 8X< X~ <Toputitbriefly,childrenseekonlytodowhathelpsthemselves, y% WhiletheAbleLordsinsteadactonlytodowhatisgoodforothers;0 `  PleasegivemeYourblessingtoseetheproblemsandbenefitsthatcomefromeachone, ` 8"` 8" Andthuslearntoseemyselfandothersasequal,andthenexchangeus.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/9 $ ( + # % < 7 3 , @ + - , b V / *# B  ԍ[s]C  /0 F 0 < # % < 7 3 , 8 , ) , , b # 5 /B  ԍ[s]C  /+ d 9 / + # # 5 , / B / 7 F : 7 e 9 : /B  ԍ[s]C  /( 0 < : , X $ - 9 e + - 9 e , b < x / < /< 8X< X~ <Cherishingmyselfaloneisthedoortoeverytrouble, ? Cherishingmymothersthedoortoeveryspiritualquality;PleasegivemeYourblessingthentomakethepracticeofexchangingMyselfandotherstheveryheartofallmyspirituallife.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/+ < , B / 1 , v 0 * # < B % , /   B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[s]C  < 8X< X~ <denajetsunlamathukjechen,   #<XX<##8~ <#/0 b 9 7 i / 7 Z # / Z # / W : , /B  ԍ[s]C     < 8X< X~ <magyurdrowaydikdripdukngelkun,#<XX*n" B >*n" B0 , ) //+ / # < ` $ < 0 < % , F 0 < : B  ԍ[t]C  , //^ , y + " , 9 8 $ + # 7 e $ .//5 < # < $ < - P 9 /U B  ԍ[t]C  # < $ * # < ` 0 3 + - { & / F 0 < ^ < % /0 3 + - 7 BBB  ԍ[t]C  & n 0 * , + / # < ` { / 2 , & + ` $ # 5 , B  ԍ[t]C  + , # ) $ : , + $ ./i # < Y $ B  ԍ[n]C  ԄBB+ 7 + e $ < 0 / % < B  ԍ[t]C  W # < ` # + $ < < w < - < # < # < $ / / < 0 b < 0 BBa / B  ԍ[t]C  - 7 U # < $ * # < ` 8 , ) , 0 * 7 + # , /< 8X< X~ <Tosummarize,wecanrecallthelinesfromtheFourHundredVerses[ofMaster 9i  AryaDeva,c.200AD]whichsay:0 ` TheBuddhasnevermovetheslightesttwitch ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Unlessitservesgreatpurpose; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Eventheslightestbreathfromtheirlips ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Isbutsheerhelptolivingkind. ` 8"` 8" Sothere'sabsolutelynoneedformetomentionherethosemajorfarreaching,sacreddeedsofHisholybody,speech,andmind;eventheslightestfractionofHishighactionsrepresentinfiniteandinconceivablesecretqualitiesofdivineactions,words,andthoughts"andthisistrueevendowntothewayHe <l breathes,constantlypracticinggivingandtakingforthebenefitofallothers,constantlyrepeatingthesongoftheutteranceofemptiness,aspontaneoushymnoftheholysoundofnada. ? B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8' U + 8 $ + - : Q , w / < /, 0 0 " 7 0 + - < 7 + / & # < B  ԍ[t]C  Q # - 9 0 7 b 9    B   B) //7 + 9 , 9 $ 0 * 6 + - < Q # - 9 7 b 9 + B  ԍ[t]C  / 5 , //y / 0 + $ / % < < $ < BB{ < r < F 0 < < $ < { < B  ԍ[t]C  ` //8 , ) , 0 " 7 P 9 0 * 7 8 < 0 / B + Q # - 9 BB7 b 9 //5 < B  ԍ[t]C  0 " 7 Q $ + / $ - , 0 0 " 9 / i + - , /, 0 5 # , B  ԍ[t]C  9 $ # # ; # BBI : 6 + , < d 9 : # - : < , 0 0 " 7 6 + + B  ԍ[t]C  Q # - 9 0 7 b 9 / / 5 , /< $ <  5)e! B 5)e! B{ < # % # # 8 , ) , < $ < B  ԍ[t]C  { < r < + $ / % < - * 0 < % + ` < / U : - { BB0 2 7 / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  / B + ` $ J # < - 9 0 < - 9 # < $ < - P 9 < $ < { < B  ԍ[t]C  , $ . , 2 , BB" , 7 < < 9 $ 9 # - 7 8 ; < ` + 8 : B  ԍ[t]C  : < // + # P / 7 2 9 0 * $ #  BB/ 7 / < 0 / B + ` 8 : : < B  ԍ[t]C  7 + < ; $ ./< 8X< X~ <Alongthesesamelines,thegloriousChandraKirtihassaid, $T 0 ` It'snotasiftheWingedOneseverturnback ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"becausethere'snomoreskytoflyin;  8" 8" 0 ` Rathertheyreturnintheirflightacrossitbecause ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"theirownstrengthisexhausted.  8" 8" 0 ` It'sthesamewhenthenoblechildrenandtheBuddhas,together ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"withdisciples,attempttodescribethequalities  8" 8" 0 ` OfasingleBuddha;they'reinfiniteasthesky, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8"unspeakable,sotheyturnbackfromtheattempt.  8" 8" Thisisareferencetothegreatgarudabirds,whostartoffonajourneyacross 'W thesky.Atsomepointintheirpassagethestrengthoftheirwingsisexhausted,andtheyfindthattheymustturnback.Butit'snotasiftheyreversetheirflightbecausetheskyitselfhassomehowrunout.Supposenowthat"Buddhas"andthenoblechildrenofBuddhas"thatis,  bodhisattvas"werealltoattempttobespeakthefinequalitiesofevenasingle  Buddha.[Thefirst"Buddhas"herereferstopractitionersofthelowerwayknownas"selfmadeBuddhas,"and"disciples"referstootherpractitionersofthelowerwaycommonlycalled"listeners."]Theycouldneversucceedindoingsofully,eveniftheytriedforthesamenumberofeonsastherearedropsofwaterintheocean.ThesearethingsthatonlyBuddhascanseebetweeneachother,objectsthatonlytheirdiscriminatingwisdomcantouch.TheyarecompletelybeyondtheabilityofpeoplelikeyouandI,peoplewhoare"shortsighted"andhaveyettoseeemptinessdirectly,toeverdescribeinwords,orevenimagineinourthoughts. +#" B%  BChangkyaRinpochefurtherdescribestheprocessofthebreathinhiscommentaryonthetraditionofmentaltraininginthefollowinglines:B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8^ , : 0 / , / % / : < ` $ .// / ( , 0 $ < # # < B  ԍ[t]C  + g # < - 8 < //0    B   B+ # % $ 6 + 0 & < - # $ : # < - //+ 8 < B  ԍ[t]C  / + # , < 0 < % , + f : / , //# $ BB8 $ 9 $ / # % # P $ B  ԍ[t]C  8 $ y /< 8X< X~ <ThePrayerofSeventytoosays,  0 ` Thinkofeventhetiniestbitofthenegativekarmathatcomes ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Tothosewhoarecaughtintheturmoilofthepoisonofmentalaffliction; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Anysingleactlikethiswouldbeenoughtothrowme ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Withthegreatesteaseintotherealmsofhellbelow. ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/7 i / F 0 < ` Z # / W : # $ 8 $ 9 $ .//+ , / + # # < B  ԍ[t]C  + $ v $ / 9 / b / B /7 ' # D , < 0 < , 0 & # / + / 8 //2 0 B  ԍ[t]C  , < D # + # / e + b 9 % # /5 < # < $ < + P 9 8 $ + $ B  ԍ[t]C  8 $ # 0 < - < /0 p <lp8"p8" < 8X< X~ <0 ` Itakeuponmyself,withgreatestgladness,anyandallQ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ofthesufferingsthateachandeverybeingmustundergo. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Maytheheartsofalltheworldbefilledwiththeveryhighest ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ofhappiness,andmaytheyalwaysliveinactsofvirtue. ` 8"` 8" Meditateonthesethoughtsconstantly.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/e $ 2 # ) $ : , 0 + 9 / Z < / V 0 2 : , //+ # ( < B  ԍ[t]C  x $ : /  , - 9 e 5 <  $ B $ B# < $ < //+ 8 $ 9 $ # [ / # B  ԍ[t]C  # ( < , < x $ .//d 9 : 7 i 2 : < + $ : $ < BB + + $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  /+ # / < 0 < % , , : / ) $ / 8 < //+ + # 6 # 0 + / + / B  ԍ[t]C  0 * 9 BB* # + $ .//Q , - 9 / < 0 5 $ , $ A / - 7 2 /B  ԍ[s]C  /< 0 < % , , b Z # / W : {  *# B *# B/ % < F 0 < //9 $ # X $ B  ԍ[t]C  # + ` : v $ < - 8 < //+ + # Z # / W : , + $ BBo : / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  / < 0 //+ P 9 # 0 , x $ < 0 < # ( < - , //7 ' # - # % # - < B  ԍ[t]C  # 5 , BB 0 8 $ < ; $ .//l , ; < Q , - < Y / < , & / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  # < $ < /< 8X< X~ <Whenyouwanttodoameditationtomasterthesepoints,hereisabrief ? descriptionofhowtoproceed,throughthepracticeofgivingandtaking:0 ` Rememberthetextthatsaysto"letthesetworideonthewind"; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Forthisyoutakethebreaththatpassesoutofbothyournostrils ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andgivewithittoeverylivingbeingfirstyourbody, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andthenallyourpossessions,followedbyyourvirtuousacts. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Imaginethenthattheyhavefoundtheultimatehappiness, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Freeofallimpurity.Nowwhenyouinhaleyourbreath ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Seeitcomingwiththepainandcauseofpainforevery ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Livingbeing,deepintothecenterofyourheart; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Imaginethenthattheyarefreeofeverypainthereis. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` It'ssaidthatdoingthepracticeinthiswayisespeciallypowerful, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` Forthereasonthat"becausethemindandwindsbothmovein  tandem" 8" 8" 0 ` You'llbeabletoavoiddistraction,andkeeptightrecollection. ` 8"` 8" HerenextareversesfromtheAbbreviationoftheEssence,atextonmental  training,againbythefirstChangkyaRinpoche:  X8XXX<8 XX8/+ s : ) l : , [ / # # /x $ . 9 : 7 i 2 9 $ { + B  ԍ[t]C  ` //& < / + + # * 0 <  \! B \! B% + 7 i l # # /0 < 0 < % , , : B  ԍ[t]C  # ) $ / + $ .//x $ , $ { 2 7 i , b //Z # Z # B  ԍ[t]C  / W : * 0 < % + 9 $ : v $ < //2 : + P 7 # ) $ : , F : B  ԍ[t]C  7 e 9 b < //< 0 < e $ & / 0 & # : # 5 : / 9 e // < # , < B  ԍ[t]C  U / < ' P 9 b 9 ` $ 9 $ .// / < v 0 0 & # # < 0 X $ B  ԍ[t]C  : / < 0 //* / < # ) $ : , # ( < - ( 0 < <  )! B )! Bv $ < //& < 7 + 7 l 9 B  ԍ[t]C  7 n + - U : / / 6 $ .//+ , ' P 9 / < 0 / 5 , : # < BB7 i / - 9 /B  ԍ[s]C  / / < 0 & # # < 0 + 0 - < e , b < x / < /B  ԍ[s]C  < 8X< X~ <0 ` Now *` 8"` 8" 0 ` I'llputitalltogetherforyou; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` See ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Yourbreathasitpassesout, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Give ` 8"` 8" 0 ` WithitDharma:happiness,good, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` To ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Everymotherinsixrealms. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Then ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Whenyoubreatheintakefromevery ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Being ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Alltheirbaddeedsandtheirpain. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Go ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Thusdeep,giveandalsotake, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Lose ` 8"` 8" 0 ` YourhearttothissupremeWish.0p` 8"` 8"p8"p8" 0 `  ` 8"` 8" 0 ` When ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andwhereveryoumaybe ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Run ` 8"` 8" 0 ` ToyourLamaandThreeJewels. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Live ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Inthisway,bothgiveandtake; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Luck ` 8"` 8" 0 ` AmazingthatIfoundthisDharma. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Grant ` 8"` 8" 0 ` MeyourblessingholyJewels, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Let ` 8"` 8" 0 ` EveryDharmawishcometrue. ` 8"` 8" @W<*************** +$% ThefirstChangkyaRinpochedescribestheroleofbreathinthemeditationofgiving  andtakingaswellinaworkentitled,"EntertainmentforthoseoftheHigher  Way,"beinganExplanationoftheLetterofInstructionknownasthe"EightVerses,"aWorkofAdviceonPracticingtheWishforEnlightenmentcomposedbytheGreatBodhisattva,DorjeSengeofLangriTang:X8XXX<8 XX8/: < < # < # ) $ 2 : 5 / T < //< 0 < % , + / : 5 $ 7 . $ < - : /B  ԍ[s]C  // + # ,  F v B F v B0 6 + # ) 9 b 9 ) //8 e + 0 " + [ 2 # < < //0 , B  ԍ[t]C  ( / 9 # , < b 9 BB% # /5 < - P 9 9 0 < - 8 < //9 $ : < 8 + B  ԍ[t]C  / 5 , , 9 / : < //< < 7 7 + + BB+ : , < # ) $ .//: , - 7 2 : 8 $ B  ԍ[t]C  0 < - 8 < //< 0 < % , F 0 < ` Z # BBZ # , //9 $ # { + Y $ B  ԍ[t]C  e $ / 9 / < 0 /< 8X< X~ <0 ` Ongivingthebodyandsuch,MasterShantideva'ssaid: ` 8"` 8" 0 ` "MayIbecomeaneverendingtreasuretosupply ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Theentirerangeofmaterialsthingsthatevermaybeneeded ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Toallthosebeingslivingindeepwantanddestitution, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Appearingrightbeforethemasthethingtheymostrequire." ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Useyourability,ashesaidthen,makeasincerewish ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Thatyourbodymightbecomeawishfulfillinggem: ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Practicegiving,sendforthtothemwhatevereachmaywant. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Asfortheactoftaking,goagainandmakeawish ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Thatallthebaddeedsandthesufferingofalllivingbeings ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Couldcomeinsteadandripenonnobodyelsebutyou. ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/+ P 0 < - < + - 7 U / < //# $ : 7 $ 0 < - # 1 & / < /B  ԍ[s]C  /# ) $ : ,  " B " B+ 0 # < - 7 + P 9 $ .//9 $ # [ / # # ( < , < x $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  /d 9 : 7 i 2 / + + # BB , //7 + 6 9 + ! 9 - 7 F 0 < - 8 < //x $ B  ԍ[t]C  + $ 7 i # < , < d 9 < $ / //0 BBF 0 < , b [ / # , < // # < B  ԍ[t]C  - < 0 F 0 < / + / < 2 0 /< 8X< X~ <0 ` Atourpresentlevelthisisnothingmorethanwishing,*#` 8"` 8" 0 ` Butineverythingwedo,whatwewishplaysthemajorrole;+$` 8"` 8" 0 ` Practicethenbothgivingandtakinginthefollowingway. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Whenthebreathisgoingout,throughbothofthetwonostrils ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ofyournose,seeitintheformofsomewhitelight ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Thatcarrieswithiteveryhappiness,andeachgooddeed: ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Sendthemforwardtravellingintandemwiththebreath. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Imaginethentheyenterthenostrilsofeverymotherbeing, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andfillupallthesemothersofyourswitheveryhappiness. ` 8"` 8" X8XXX<8 XX8/, $ 7 ' # 2 0 F 0 < ` /Z # / Z # / W : ' X + - /B  ԍ[s]C  /* 0 < % + 7 + 6 9  H B H B, # - 8 //F 0 - < 0 8 [ / # , < //* , , < B  ԍ[t]C  9 $ # [ / # // # < ) 9 $ BB: ^ , - 9 / < 0 /< 8X< X~ <0 ` Whenthebreathreturnsandentersin,imaginethatW ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Allthebaddeedsandthespiritualobstaclestheremaybe ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Inyourmotherscomesforthfromtheirnostrilsintheform ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ofraysofsomeblacklightthatreachestoyou,andthenenters ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Intoyourownnostrils.Thinkthentoyourselfthatall ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ofwhathascomefromthemwillripenontoyouinstead. ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/+ P 9 x $ : /  , - 8 //# ) $ : , 0 < - < : # < $ < , /B  ԍ[s]C  /x $ < 0 <   B  B7 ' # - # % # - 7 d 9 /// < 0 - # < l #  y # < $ < /B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  < 8X< X~ <0 ` Supposenowthatyou'reabletopracticegivingandtakingin` 8"` 8" 0 ` Thisveryway,makingsomestrongwishtoyourselfasyoudo. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Becauseofthefactthatthemindandinnerwindsbothmoveintandem, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` It'seasy,thescripturessay,foryoutodevelopfiercegoodthoughts. ` 8"` 8" @W<***************Afinalnoteontheconnectionbetweenthebreathandthepracticeofgivingand ?&o takingappearsintheInstructionsoftheGreatSeal(theMahamudra),written ('X againbythefirstChangkyaRinpochearound1700: (A  X8XXX<8 XX8# ) $ : , x $ : < # < / 5 7 U / < < e 0 < X $ B T # / < 0 B  ԍ[t]C  b < , , <  )" B )" B/ y $ Y [ / # # B  ԍ[u]C  8 < , < x $ d 9 7 / + - + $ B  ԍ[t]C  0 ( 0 9 $ # / + + # * 0 < % + BB0 < 0 < % , * 0 < % + : B  ԍ[t]C  / ) $ / < + F 0 < ` { + :  < /B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  < 8X< X~ <Whenyoureachthefourlineswiththepartabout"givingandtakingthatride  * uponthewind,"tryfirsttobringupinyourheartamotivationwhichincludesthoughtsoflove,compassion,andpersonalresponsibility.Thenbreathoutfromyourrightnostril;whilethebreathgoesout,imagineallyourhappinessandgoodnessgoingwithit"thatis,givethesethingstoalllivingbeings,your  mothers,andseethemgrowwithintheirminds.X8XXX<8 XX8[ / # # -B  ԍ[u]C  8 , , < , $ A / - + $ 0 ( 0 0 < 0 < % , B  ԍ[t]C  * 0 < % + ` { + ` Z #  q  B q  B/ W : { / % < * 0 < % + 2 9 B  ԍ[t]C  v $ < 9 $ { + b 9 $ # % < 7 3 , b * # \ $ < BB- 9 / < 0 B  ԍ[t]C  - 7 # ) $ : , b 0 , $ # / V 0 < - 7 V , < , J / e $ B  ԍ[t]C  & / ` < 0 < BB $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  < 8X< X~ <Breatheinthenthroughyourleftnostril,andwiththebreathseeyourself   takinginallthesufferingsofeachmother,ofeverylivingbeing,alongwithallthecausesthatcreatethissuffering.Dumpthemallontothetendencyofcherishingyourself,thatstayswithinyourownmind.Usethustheinstructionsonthepracticeofgivingandtaking,inordertodevelopthe"deceptive"formoftheWishforenlightenment.[ThisisthesameaswhatwenormallythinkofastheWish,asopposedtowhatisknownasthe"ultimate"Wishforenlightenment,whichisactuallyacodenameforthedirectperceptionofemptiness.]   "=  <XX<ContemplationNineWhoseSufferingDoWeTake?#X< X<#  :j Therearedetailsofthesufferingthatwetakeonduringthepracticeoftakingthatcan M  makethedifferenceinwhetherourattemptissuccessfulornot.ThesearesummarizedbyPabongkaRinpocheinhisfamedGiftofLiberation:   X8XXX<8 XX8{ < - 9 , /2 + f : / 7 2 / 7 Z # / W : 0 + $ / % < - B  ԍ[t]C  9 $ # X $ # 9 2 7 /    B   B` < # % < 7 3 , 7 # $ - 9 * 0 - 9 / < 0 /+ B  ԍ[t]C  / 5 , i $ + f : / + $ ./8 BB # < / + 7 i /T 0 , /0 T B  ԍ[t]C  < # < , < e $ < 0 < < / % - / 0 , b Z # BB/ W : + $ ./Z # / B  ԍ[t]C  < # < 9 $ Y $ : , - 9 / < 0 < , < /Z # / W : + $ BBo : 5 $ B  ԍ[t]C  Z # / e $ / 9 0 < - + $ ./+ P 9 / + # : ^ , - 9 b 9 % # B  ԍ[t]C  % < ` $ BB^ , /< 8X< X~ <Hereisalittlemoredetailonthepractice.Imaginethatthepainoftheheat ?!o sufferedbythoseinthehothells,andinfactallthefirethereitself,comesasagreatmassofhotnessintoyourheart,andmeltsintothedevilwholivesthere:yourownselfishness.Thentakeallthesufferings,andallthebaddeeds,andthespiritualobstaclesandsuchthattormentthoseinthecoldhells,andcravingspirits,andanimals,andneargods,andgods,andhumans,andalltherest,allthewayuptobodhisattvasatthetenthbodhisattvalevel.Imaginethatyouhavetakenalltheirproblemsontoyourself;makeawishthattheycouldbefreeofallpain,andthattheycouldcleanawayfromthemselvesallnegativeactions,andspiritualobstacles.Andmakethenaprayer,saytoyourself,"Mayallthesethingscomeandripenuponmeinstead."@W<*************** +,[$  ЇPabongkaRinpoche,inthesametext,alsodescribesthecorrectprogressionofthe  practice,asfollows:  B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8# $ 6 # # 9 # < : v 7 < - 0 * + 0 , % , 0 $ / < , /: < B  ԍ[t]C  + $ - / " % #    B   B# ) $ : , V 0 - 0 < - 7 $ 7 e $ / < /+ B  ԍ[t]C  P / 7 9 # < : /: , - 7 # 9 0 BB9 $ , < / I 0 < //5 < - P 9 9 $ B  ԍ[t]C  : d l 7 $ { 7 Z # / W : + W l : : , % $ BB/ V 0 /B  ԍ[s]C  + , < < $ # + + 9 $ : : , - + $ ./+ , < w / B < 0 7 + $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  : B < BB0 7 + $ ./0 2 7 + + $ ./ / d 0 /2 9 / < # ) , + $ ./< 8X< X~ <Varioustypesofpeoplehavewidelyvaryingmentalcapacitiesforpractice.It $  evenhappensthattherearesomebeginnerswhoareunabletopracticegivingandtakingatall.Forthesekindsofpeopleyoushouldrecallthelinethatsays,"Theproperorderoftakingistostartofffromyourself."Thepointhereisthatyoushouldbegintocleanbeingsofsufferingthroughtheprocessmeditating,andtakinguponyourself,firstthepainthatyouanticipatemightcometoyouyourselfduringthesameafternoon,assumingthatyouaremeditatinginthemorning.Takethenthesufferingyouwillhavetoexperiencetomorrowbyfollowingthepracticetoday.Thentakethepainyouwillhavetoendureduringtheentirenextmonth,andthennextyear,andnextovertheentireremainderofyourlife.Nexttakethesufferingofyourfuturelife,andthenlastlythepainoftheentirestringofallyourlifetimesalltogether.B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8. 0 /( 7 o : // 9 0 /+ i < # < + $ ./< 0 < % , * 0 < % + ` / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  $ Y / ! W 0 W 0 : 7 e $ < - , /d 0 d 0 : B  ԍ[t]C  + 0 # < - \ < ` , Z # / W : Z # / BB< # < 9 $ Y $ v $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  + P 9 # 9 0 7 + / 5 , e < , < $ + # < ` /+ $ - BB, < B  ԍ[t]C  + i < # < ` Z # Z # : , v 0 7 e $ ./< 8X< X~ <Thencleantheseproblemsfromyourownparents,andthenfromallthose *6" closetoyou,andnextfromthosetowardswhomyouareneutral;thencontinuewithyourenemiesandthelike,andfinallyfromeverylivingbeing +$ thatthereis.Eachtimeyoufinishcleaningonegroup,thenmoveyourfocusontothenext,andstartagain"andkeepmovingon.Takeuponyourselfall  theirsufferings;theirbaddeeds,spiritualobstacles,andalltherest.Youshouldpracticethemeditationinagradualprogressionlikethis;don'ttryatfirsttotakeonthebadkarmaandpainofyourenemiesorthelike,youwon'tbeabletohavetherightfeeling.B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ < , U / < 9 9 9 $ , < . 9 / I 0 < , < + P 9 / V 0 /U / < 9 9 B  ԍ[t]C  + f : / , <  0` B 0` Be $ < 0 < < / % - / 7 / 9 + $ ./U / < 9 9 : $ - 7 B  ԍ[t]C  . , < 0 9 + $ ./U / < 9 BB0 + 7 , < 8 9 9 0 7 + + ` < + P 9 / V 0 /B  ԍ[s]C  * , a : E / { / / 7 Z # / W : BB2 , v $ ./< 8X< X~ <Wecansaythenthat,onsomeoccasions,youshouldstartthepracticewith   yourselfandworkonouttoothers.Onotheroccasionsyoushouldbeginfromthehells,andprogressonuptothoseatthetenthbodhisattvalevel.Sometimesyoucanstartyourmeditationfromthefoothillsofyourlandandworkinstepsdowntotheflatlands;thenatothertimesbeginwiththeflatlandsandworkgraduallyuptothefoothills.Intheendyoushouldlearntotakeonyourselfanypainatall,allthewaydowntothesufferingthatadogfeelswhensomeonethrowsastoneatit.@W<***************InhiscommentaryontheOfferingtoLamas,NgulchuDharmaBhadradescribesthe ! moresubtleobjectswetakeonourselveswithabitmoredetail: p" B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/{ < - 9 e + , : , - 7 8 : : v 0 , < $ < { < + $ < 8 , - < B  ԍ[t]C  v 0 + $ < $ <  B$r B B$r B{ < : : , { 0 + : /+ : < # 5 , - e $ B  ԍ[t]C  < 0 < ( , 9 $ # ; < / n 0 2 , BB& + , < + f : / 7 / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  b Z # / + $ Z # / W : * 0 < % + : , 5 $ ./< 8X< X~ <Hereisabitmoredetail.Whenwe'retalkingaboutwhoitiswetakefrom, *" rememberthatyourLamasarerealBuddhas,andsothere'snothingtotake j+# fromLamasandBuddhas.Youcanthoughtakeonyourselfallthebaddeeds,andspiritualobstacles,andeverykindofpainthatisbeingexperiencedbyanyoneelseatall"soyoucangoallthewayfromthesubtleobstaclesto   omnisciencethatwefindamongbodhisattvas,orlisteners,orselfmadebuddhas,andworkallthewaydowntothehells.@W<***************Herelastlyarecommentsbythesameauthor,foundinthe"TreasureHouseof 0` PreciousJewels,"beingNotestothe"Dissection"InstructionfortheStepsofthePathtoBuddhahoodentitled"EasyPathforTravellingtoOmniscience":X8XXX<8 XX8/+ 8 $ 9 $ # % < 7 3 , " $ , # , < d , & + # 5 , # % < 7 3 , B  ԍ[t]C  # < 9 0  5 $    B   By 9 D # - + # 7 9 /  < ) # 5 , # % < 7 3 , B  ԍ[t]C  % $ 6 +  < ` $ { , 7 * , - : 9 $ BB# % < 7 3 , b < / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  # % + - < 7 * + 0 * / - 9 7 # - < 9 $ # % < - 9 / 6 $ BB, < # 5 , B  ԍ[t]C  8 : / 9 7 + 9 / 7 v U + % # ` $ 0 /  + X 0 - 7 5 + 0 B  ԍ[t]C  8 $ 8 $ e BB5 $ ./< 8X< X~ <Nowaslongasyouhavedeepwithinyourbreastthetendencytocherish =m yourself,thereisnowayyoucanhaveyourinitialexperienceoftheoppositetendency,tocherishothers;instead,youwillfallvictimonceagaintoanonslaughtofuselessthoughts.Thatis,evenifyoudomanagetofeelatinybitoftheattitudewhereyoucherishothers,itsflowwillbeinterruptedbythetendencytocherishyourself,andyou'llneverbeabletoestablishanyrealcontinuity.Thereforeyoushouldmaketoyourselfthefollowingresolution,againandagain:"Iwillnever,forasingleinstant,allowmyselftheattitudewhereIcherishonlymyselfandignoretheneedsofothers."B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX89 $ 8 : / 9 + 9 , < # 5 , # % < - 9 / 6 $ Y # 5 , b Z # B  ԍ[t]C  / W : + $ Z # -  W& B W& B* 0 < % + / + # # { + Y $ v $ 5 < B  ԍ[t]C  - 7 U / < < # 5 , Z # / W : b < 0 , 9 BB2 : / < 0 : X $ B B  ԍ[t]C  / V 0 // + # # / + + # * 0 < % + # 5 , : / ) $ / < 5 <  *" B *" B< # < ` B  ԍ[t]C  2 /# 5 , / + / < . $ < : # < / < 0 Y e 0 < - / V 0 /+ + # # 2 BBB  ԍ[t]C  * # 0 9  + ! 7 , 9 $ : d l f $ 7 b 9 b Z # / W : B  ԍ[t]C  + $ ./< $ + $ ./w / d BB0 /: d 0 < # < : f $ 7 b 9 b B  ԍ[t]C  Z # / W : v $ < : /+ , < 9 0 b < # ) $ BB: , e /< 8X< X~ <Thinkaboutthepartthatmentions,"Iwillignoreinsteadmyself,andcherish $T allothers;Iwilltakeuponmyselfallthesufferingsandnegativeactionsofothers."Atthispointyoushouldmeditateoncompassion,thinkingabouthowothersaretormentedbysuffering.Nowthinkaboutthepartwherethetextmentions,"Bymyactofgivingawayallmyhappinessandgooddeeds."Hereyoushouldcontemplatehowdeprivedothersareofanyhappiness,andthusmeditateonlove.Ifatthebeginningyoufindtheseattitudesdifficulttobringupinyourheart,thenbeginbytakingonfirstthesufferingthatyouyourselfwillbeexperiencingbythissameafternoon.Thentakeonthesufferingyouwillhavetomorrow,andthennextmonth,andnextyear,andsoon.Soinstagesyoucanpracticegivingandtaking.B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX88 $ , + f : / 2 i $ < # < Z # / W : & 9 0 , < / I 0 < B  ԍ[t]C  ) Z # / W : { / % <   B  B+ $ ( , 9 $ < / % 7 e $ < 0 < F 0 < B  ԍ[t]C  ` ; < / n 0 2 , & + < # < [ + / % + BB* 0 < % + ` ( < B  ԍ[t]C   , F 0 < v $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  < 8X< X~ <Alternatelyyoucanbeginwiththegreatestformsofsuffering;forexample, !#Q withtheheatorcoldinthehells,andtakethenuponyourselfboththepainanditscauses.Workallthewayuptothemostsubtleobstaclestoomnisciencecontainedinthemindsoflisteners,selfmadebuddhas,andbodhisattvasatthetenthlevel;takeuponyourselfalltheproblemsthatexistinboththeworldaroundyou,andinallthosewholivetogetherwithyouhere.  (   <XX<ContemplationTen /_ Additionaldetailsofthevisualization#X< X<#<XX<Howtheblacknessleavesthem  <  #X< X<# Wefollownowwithafewshortnotesonotherdetailsofthemeditation.Thefirstand   secondarefoundintheGiftofLiberationbyPabongkaRinpoche:   X8XXX<8 XX8+ 7 Z # / W : * 0 < % + \ i < / 5 9 / P 9 7 + , # - 7 B  ԍ[t]C  F 0 - 9 9 $ # X $    B   B# 9 # % < 7 3 , : * 0 - 9 / < 0 5 $ ./< 8X< X~ <Peelallthesufferingoffofthemasifyouwereshavingahairoffwitharazor;  seeitcomeoffintheformofblacklight,andimaginethatitcomesintoyourheart,andsinksintoyourtendencythereofcherishingyourself. <XX<Abouthowitfeels a #X< X<# B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8v $ < - + ( + ` $ 8 : / 7 0 /7 i 0 / 5 # - P / 0 , - 9 /B  ԍ[s]C  X $ # + / < <  D t B D t B: , /+ + # # 2 7 ' # < $ $  < , : # < - 8 , /< 8X< X~ <Concentratenowonwhatyoutookfromthem.Youshouldneverjustletit n$ fadeawaysomewhere,ordoingsomethinglikesetitofftotheside;rather,takeitrightintotheverycenterofyourheart.Ifatthispointyoufeelatouchoffear,it'saverygoodsign. <XX<OnnottryingtotakeyourLama's"suffering"  )"  #X< X<#Thethemeofnottryingtotakeonany"suffering"fromyourLamaisrepeatedoften +#" intheteachingsongivingandtaking:NgulchuDharmaBhadra,inthe"TreasureHouseofPreciousJewels,"beingNotes   tothe"Dissection"InstructionfortheStepsofthePathtoBuddhahoodentitled"EasyPathforTravellingtoOmniscience,"states: t  B  ԍ[s]C  B  ԍ[h]C  X8XXX<8 XX8v 0 : < $ < { < + $ < ` 7 ; < /  + + # < - < v 0 + $ B  ԍ[t]C  < $ < { < : : ,  F v B F v B{ 0 + : /< 8X< X~ <YoumustalwaysthinkofyourLamaasanactualBuddha.Assuch,there p  couldneverbeanythingtotakefromtheminthefirstplace.PabongkaRinpocheconcurs: +[  X8XXX<8 XX8: , - 7 U / < v 0 + $ < $ < { < # ( < : : , 0 + / -  < 8X< X~ <Whenyoudothetakingpart,there'snothingatallyoucouldevertakefrom B eitheryourLamaortheBuddhas.Inanextraordinaryrecordofinterviewswithanumberofhisstudents,Ngulchu  DharmaBhadradiscussesthepointinsomegreaterdetail.Thesectionhereisnamed,  ADemonstrationofHowthoseTextswhichDescribeaMethodforthe  ExpiationoftheWrongDeedsofOne'sLamahaveNoAuthoritativeSource:X8XXX<8 XX8 + - 9 $ # v 0 7 Z # - $ + 0 # < / ; + - 7 # $ B  ԍ[t]C  " $ < + # 5 # 0 0 * $  C s B C s B/ 9 0 6 + /v $ # ) $ : , U / < B  ԍ[t]C  v 0 + $ < $ < { < :  , : , { 0 + 2 : BB& * $ B  ԍ[t]C  # < $ < - < , v 0 7 Z # - $ 2 : 0 e < - : # < 7 l X 0 B  ԍ[t]C  : # < /< 8X< X~ <Hereistheninthpoint.Iseenoauthoritativesourceatallforthosebooksthat & describehowtohelpyourLamapurifyhimselforherselfofnegativekarma.Weseeallovertheplace,inallthesectionsofthementaltrainingtextswheretheyteachaboutgivingandtaking,howtherearenoproblemsatallyoucouldevertakefromyourLamaortheBuddhas.ItseemstomebetterthenifwemakenoattempttohelpourLamaspurifythemselvesofanysocalled"badkarma." +($  Ѐ   <XX<ContemplationElevenWhatisitthatwegive? #X< X<9'# G  Thereisnoshortageofexquisitedescriptionsinscriptureforthethingswesendout *  toalllivingbeingswhenwedothepracticeofgiving.ThefirstselectionhereistakenagainfromtheTreasureHouseofPreciousJewels,byNgulchuDharmaBhadra:   X8XXX<8 XX8. 9 # ) $ / 7 2  / < 7 i + $ : < 7 o < ` + # I + $ B  ԍ[t]C  6 # 0 + ` / + / 9 $ :   B  B0 + ` $ 8 + - 9 0 < ) $ , < $ B  ԍ[t]C  # < 0 : / ) $ / < / + 7 i * / /: 0 / y / - BB# < 0 b + # I B  ԍ[t]C  0 $ , 0 * 7 # , < : / ) $ / < * 9 - * / /e $ & / ` < 0 < B  ԍ[t]C  + $ BB{ : r < ` + - 7 + # I F 0 < ( , 9 $ < # < : B  ԍ[t]C  / ) $ / < < $ < { < * / - 9 BB/ < 0 /< 8X< X~ <Whenyoudothepracticeofgivingasyoubreatheout,thinkofthequantity "7 ofvirtueyouhaveinyoufromyouractsoftakingrefuge,andobservingthelawsofkarmaanditsconsequences.Alsoimaginethatyouhavesomeimmaculatehappinesstogive,eventhoughatthispointwehaveyettogainany.Dotheactofgivingallthese,focusingonthethoseinthelowerrealms.Seethemreachingthehigherrealmsasaresult.Nexttakethequantityofvirtuethatyoupossessfromfollowingthepathofthethreetrainings.Giveitouttothoseinthehigherrealms,andimaginethattheyhavetherebyachievedfreedom.TakefinallythequantityofvirtueyouhavefromlearningtheWishfor  ,:$! enlightenment,andfromfollowingthewayoflifeofthenoblesonsanddaughtersoftheBuddhas.Imaginethatyouhavegiventhisvirtueawaytopeoplelikethelistenersandtheselfmadebuddhas.ImaginefinallythatthishelpsthemreachBuddhahooditself.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX80 + 9 , [ + / % + * 0 < % + + # - 9 / 7 e 0 < 7 / 7 5 # / < 0 B  ԍ[t]C  : 9 $ # : <  ]  B ]  B: $ < + + # I * 0 < % + ` $ 0 & + , B  ԍ[t]C  0 * 7 8 < - 7 F 0 - 9 : ) . : / < BB{ : / F 0 < ` * # < B  ԍ[t]C  { + : 6 # 0 + ` / + Y $ # < 9 7 h $ < - 7 0 < - e < BBB  ԍ[t]C  : * # 0 9 / < 0 - < $ 5 $ % $ 6 + # 0 < - , # ) $ B  ԍ[t]C  : , x $ : /  , / 5 , BBe 7 /< 8X< X~ <Tosumitallup,thinktoyourselfthatalltheplanet,andallthelivingbeings   containedbytheplanet,representaveritablegalaxyoftotalpurity.Emanateoutallyoupossess"yourbody,yourmaterialpossessions,andthesumtotal   ofallthegoodnessyouhaveeverdone"intheformofaninfinitecloudof   offerings.Wishtoyourselfthenthat,asyoupresentthem,thevictoriousBuddhascouldreceivetheseofferings,andthattheyfeltwithinthemafreshexperienceoftheimmaculatecombinationofblissandvoidness.Atthebeginningdothisonlyinyourthoughts,andthen"whenyouhavegottenused U toitalittle"doitthewaywedowhenwearelettingthegivingandtaking V rideuponthewinds.@W>***************PabongkaRinpoche,inhisGiftofLiberation,describesthegivingasfollows: "+ B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8e 0 < - 7 + 0 # < - I : / ) , , < # ) $ / , /< 0 < % , F 0 < B  ԍ[t]C  + , / - 7  $ B $ Bd 9 //8 + / 5 , b , : < < / 9 //5 < + $ ./B  ԍ[s]C  Z $ / ! + + $ ./E B { : BB0 2 , b 0 + < # < : < ` $ : < B  ԍ[t]C  : $ < + < # < # ) $ / 9 # < $ < - / 5 , 9 $ BB# : < # $ 7 + + B  ԍ[t]C  ` + $ < - 9 : , < [ + + $ / % + : / ) $ / < /B  ԍ[s]C    +<# < 8X< X~ <ԇHereishowtodothepracticeofgiving,byfocusinguponthecategoryoflove.  Rememberthetextthatsays,0 ` Inordertoaccomplishthegoalsofeverylivingbeing, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Turnyourbodyintotheformofawishfulfillingjewel. ` 8"` 8" SutrassuchasStalksinArrayandtheVictoryBannerofDiamondalsostatethat F v weshouldlearntogiveawayourbodyandourpossessions.Hereyouturnyourbodyintoanythingandeverythingthatsomeonemightwanttohave,andthensenditouttotheworld,andtothepeoplelivingintheworld.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ $ - 9 / % + ` < 0 < % , 2 + f : / P / 9 $ & 9 b B  ԍ[t]C  F 0 - 9 : ) Z #    B   B/ W : $ ./: < + : 7 e 9 b D , B  ԍ[t]C  / 9 , < + 7 * / - 9 e < /< 8X< X~ <Firstforexamplesendoutyourbodytothecreaturesofthehothells,asa -  sweet,gentlerain;thenpicturethatthisrainhasclearedawayalltheirsuffering.Nextchangeyourbodyintoonewithalltheleisureandfortunerequiredforsuccessfulspiritualpractice,andpicturethattheyhaveattainedit.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ , < # , < + $ " $ / I # < 8 + 7 $ / 9 / 9 , < / ) $ B  ԍ[t]C  / < + : / + / 9  s B s B: $ < + - + $ ./6 < U 0 . , 2 # < < B  ԍ[t]C  / 9 , < / ) $ / < 2 0 - 9 e < /# < < / 9 , < / ! , /+ # / 7 B  ԍ[t]C  / ; < # ( , / 9 , < & < / Y , - < 7 2 $ BB{ : " + B  ԍ[t]C  e < - 9 / < 0 /< 8X< X~ <Nextturnyourbodyintoabeautifulplace,withalovelybuildinguponit. # Giveitthen,andimaginethattheyenjoythesethings.Turnyourselfintoexcellentfoodandbeverage,andgivethat,imaginingthattheyarefilledtotheirhearts'content.Turnintoclothes,andletthemwearyou.ImaginefinallythatyouhaveturnedintoaSpiritualGuide,andthatyouteachthemtheDharma,andtherebybringthemtothestateofenlightenment.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ , < i $ + f : / : ( 7 + + $ # < < # < ` F 0 - /8 B  ԍ[t]C  # < : 6 < U 0  &*V" B &*V" B< # < + $ ./ + 7 i : & < 9 / F 0 7 e + B  ԍ[t]C  ` ; < 9 / /T 0 , : # & /T : BB7 + + - 7 8 , ) , M /0 , B  ԍ[t]C  7 + + - & / < # $ : # $ 7 + + / 9 , < / ) $ ./< 8X< X~ <Thenchangeyourselfintosunlight,orclothes,oranythingofthelike,andgive  * itawaytothosesufferinginthecoldhells.Forthetormentedspirits,turnintofood,drink,andthelikeandgiveit.Foranimalsturnyourselfintothewisdomthatisabletoanalyzethingsclearly.Forthenearpleasurebeings,turntoarmor[sinceoutofjealousytheyareconstantlybattlingthefullpleasurebeings];andforthepleasurebeingsthemselvesbecomethefiveobjectsofthesenses.Humansarecompletelyfullofdesire,andsoforthemjustbecomewhatevertheymaywantatthetime,andgiveittothem.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ / 5 , : $ < + # ( < , 7 + + $ d 0 # ( < 0 # ) # < /B  ԍ[s]C  7 + < 2 9 / # ) $  +[  B +[  B 0 + /# ) $ / 7 U / < < 0 < % , F 0 < W 9 B  ԍ[t]C  / ; + - P 9 / + / < . $ < : < BB/ < 0 < , < e 0 < - # 1 / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  /  + % $ ./v $ # + 0 # < - 7 + ( + : * # < BB+ 0 b # 1 B  ԍ[t]C  / 9 e + + # < /< 8X< X~ <Dothesamewithtwodifferentkindsofmaterialpossessions:youcanonly  giveawaythoseofyourcurrentlifeandyourfuturelives;theonesfromyourpastlivescannotnowbegivenaway.Whenyoudothegivingpractice,thinkofalllivingbeingsaswetalkedaboutbefore.Thinkofhowtheylive,bereftofanyhappiness,andconcentratemainlyondevelopingfeelingsoflove.Youmusttrytomakethissinglesectionofthementaltrainingtraditiontheveryheartofyourpractice.@W>***************NgulchuDharmaBhadra,finally,givesusasuggestiononhowtosucceedatthe % practiceofgiving,inthefollowingnotefromhisFulfilmentofEveryHopeof & ThosewiththeFortuneEndowedbyVirtue:B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/# ) $ / 7 2 2 + 0 : < # < - 7 / 6 7 / $ & $ $ , < 9 0 B  ԍ[t]C  b < Y 9 / 7 / < 0  =)m! B =)m! B 9 ' / 6 $ / ) $ , < 0 * 9 9 $ # : < B  ԍ[t]C  r # ` $ # ) $ / 9 e Y /# 0 < , y BB/ 9 0 7 b 9 / 7 //+ $ < B  ԍ[t]C  + # $ 8 $ 8 + 0 8 , //5 < # < $ < < /< 8X< X~ <Whenyouarelearninghowtodothegivingpractice,startoutbygivingaway  * littlethings,thingstoeatanddrinklikevegetablesorthelike.Makesurethethoughtsyouhaveasyougivethesesmallthings,andthemannerinwhichyoupresentthem,areaspureaspossible.Intheendthenyouwillfindyourselfcapableofgivingawayevenyourownbodyandlife.Asthefamouslinesgo,0 ` Theredoesn'texistasinglethingatall ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Whichisn'teasyonceyou'reusedtoit. ` 8"` 8"   +[  <XX< ContemplationTwelve /_ Onhowgivingandtakingworks,anddoesn'twork#X< X<\#  )Y ThefirstChangkyaRinpoche,inhisEntertainmentforthoseoftheHigherWay,  <  explainshowthepracticeofgivingandtakingactuallyworks,andhowitdoesn't %  work:   B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/+ P 7 / < 0 - $ 1 0 b < //# 5 , : + $ < < . , + ! 7 B  ԍ[t]C  , 7 $ ./// < 0 -    B   B $ / + , & Y //7 . # < - t 8 < ' U + /B  ԍ[s]C  /# 5 , . , : < : 0 * 0 + ` $ .//+ 8 / < 0 - D # e /B  ԍ[s]C  /# $ : + , 8 + b 9 - //+ : + , + , b < # < //% < + $ ..< 8X< X~ <0 ` It'struethatitisdifficulttodoanygoodforothersdirectly4` 8"` 8"  ` Simplybypracticingthewayofthinkingthatwe'vedescribed.0 ` Stillit'sveryimportanttopracticethinkinginthisway, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Andthisisshowninthewordsoftherealizedbeing,Nagarjuna: ` 8"` 8" 0 ` "Eventhoughithasnopowertofunctiontohelpothers, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Oneshouldnonethelesscontinuethinkingthiswayalways. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Anyonewhodoesmaintainthiskindofmotivation ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Keepswithinhimselfthepowerinitsrealform."0 ` 8"` 8"c# 8" 8" X8XXX<8 XX8B  ԍ[s]C  ...5 / T 8 < ` $ .//# : ) 7 i / + / : / 9 / // , - 7 . 9 : B  ԍ[t]C  d , 8 , , / 5%e /+ $ 7 i / g , 8 + , W , // / - ' P 9 B  ԍ[t]C  . 9 : d , /// + # - * 0 < % + BB7 o < / % < ) // / , : B  ԍ[t]C  / ) $ < 0 < ` < // , - 7 . 9 : d , # < $ < ) / _)! /+ P 9 + , B  ԍ[t]C  < 0 < ( + + /< 8X< X~ <0 ` Thushespoke,andMasterShantidevasaidaswell, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` "Ifthequestionofwhetheryou'vereachedtheperfectionofgivingisdecided  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` Fromwhetherornotwe'veeradicatedpovertyintheworld,  8" 8" 0 ` Thenbecauseweseearoundusnowsuchbeingsindistress, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` HowcouldanyonesaytheProtectorshadreachedthissameperfection? ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/5 < < + < , / < 0 - 7 + //+ 0 - F 0 < ` < 9 / / W # < - < /B  ԍ[s]C  /{ , $ /  Dt B Dt B# , + ` + , /< 8X< X~ <0 ` Thushespoke,andsoitisthatthehighandholyonesn ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Havesungthehighestpraisesofthisveryattitude. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` It'sofcrucialsignificancethentopracticeitallthetime. ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/+ P 9 , 0 a , * / e 7 d 9 /// < + , 0 < 2 # < & , : # < B  ԍ[t]C  / < # < - //8  B B B B; < 2 # < ` < 6 , + # < ) //5 / T 8 < ' U + /B  ԍ[s]C  /8 , : # 7 + + # * 0 < BB% + , //* / - < ; < 9 / + , # < $ < //+ B  ԍ[t]C  8 d 9 , Z # / W : + # /5 / 9 BB7 + + - < ; < 9 / /  + /< 8X< X~ <0 ` Usingthiswayweshouldtakegreatcaretoamassagreatcollectionf ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Ofgooddeedsforthepurposeofreachingthestateofknowingall; ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Remembertoothesedeedsmustbeimbuedwithamassofwisdom, ` 8"` 8" 0 ` AstheMaster,Shantideva,hasnotedtoointhefollowingwords: ` 8"` 8" 0 ` "Everysingleoneofallthesevariouspartswasspoken ` 8"` 8" 0 ` BytheAbleOnestobedirectedtowardsattainingwisdom. ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Thistheniswhyallthosewhohaveanyhopetoputastop ` 8"` 8" 0 ` Toalltheirsufferingshouldattempttodevelopthissamewisdom." ` 8"` 8" 0 `  ` 8"` 8" B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/% < - < e $ < 0 < d , l # < # < //* / < ` 8 , : # * 0 < % + B  ԍ[t]C  , /// + # 0 +  (  B (  BD # < - 7 ; < 9 / ` < // / # ( < \ $ d 9 # < $ < B  ԍ[t]C  - 9 / ; + / *" < 8X< X~ <0 ` Thusdidhespeak,sotakethenallthesepartsthatrelatetomethod` 8"` 8" 0 ` WithintheWishforenlightenment,thesixperfectionsandsuch, ` 8"` 8" &  0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` Andusethemwithwisdomwhichseesnothinghasanatureofitsown,' x  8" 8" 0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` Toeliminateboththeobstacles;thusweretheyspoken,iswhathe'ssaying.  8" 8" @W>***************NgulchuDharmaBhadraelsewherenoteshowthepracticeofgivingandtaking,along H withmoreadvancedversionsofthemeditation,actuallywork.Thefollowingisfoundinhis"SecretTreasureoftheAngels,"consistingofNotesontheStagesof   CreationandCompletionintheSecretPracticeoftheHolyAngel(VajraYogini)intheTraditionofNaropa:X8XXX<8 XX8< 0 < % , F 0 < : + $ < < 0 . , ` $ 9 $ # 2 # < f 9 B  ԍ[t]C  J # < , < < $ < { <    B   B` # 7 . $ * / : /+ , < < 0 < % , B  ԍ[t]C  F 0 < : 7 $ + $ < < . , ..< 8X< X~ <Thispracticecannothelplivingbeingsdirectly,butitdoeshelpyouto  assembleveryquicklyagreatmassofgoodnessforyourself"andthisbrings  youtoattainthestateofEnlightenment.Thenyoureallyareabletobeofsomedirecthelptoeverylivingbeing.@W>***************ThesameLama,inhisTreasureHouseofPreciousJewels,speaksfurtheronthe /_ subject:  H B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/+ , < 7 + , 9 $ # < / V 0 < - 1 0 8 , b + $ < < , 9 $ B  ԍ[t]C  # 5 , < 0 < % ,  ! B ! B* 0 < % + Z # / W : b < 0 , 9 / 5 , - 8 , - < B  ԍ[t]C  , # 5 , < 0 < % , * 0 < % + BBZ # / W : + $ o : 5 $ .// + / B  ԍ[t]C  . , < 0 2 # < - + $ Q , - 5 # / + # # < e 7 BB5 < T # / < 0 B  ԍ[t]C  /  + /< 8X< X~ <Nowallthisisonlyapictureinameditation;inactualfact,Imyselfandevery >*n" otherlivingbeingareevenatthisverymomentbeingtormentedbysuffering.Trytobringupinyourheartthenthefeelingofpersonalresponsibility:sayto ,@$  yourself,"Iwillseetoitthateveryotherperson,everylivingbeing,isfreed  frompain,andthattheycometopossessperfecthappiness."B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ 8 $ + P , / + # : + P / 7 < - 0 7 # /% < < # < ` < B  ԍ[t]C  e $ & / `    B   B< 0 < / V 0 - : / 7 v 0 : < 9 $ 7 l # ( < B  ԍ[t]C  - 9 $ : * 0 - , < : < : $ < BB + + # I # ) $ / 7 / 9 B  ԍ[t]C  F 0 < { 7 o < / , b U / < ' P / / 5 , e 7 /< 8X< X~ <Thinktoyourselftoosuchthingsas"Butrightnow,Ihavenoabilitytodoso  atall."Withthesethoughts,meditateupontheWishforenlightenment:seeyourLamaatthecrownofyourhead,andpictureaduplicateofhimorhermeltingdownintoyou.Thendoallthestepsuptowhereyougiveawayyourbody,yourmaterialpossessions,andallyourcollectedvirtue,justasyoudidwhenweweretalkingaboutthesevenstep,causeandeffectmethod.B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8/7 + 9 , # ) $ : , e + 2 : b X $ - F 0 < 0 + 9 / Z < 1 0 .. )Y  < 8X< X~ <Allofthisrepresentsjustaverybriefpresentationoftheessentialpointson >n howtodothepracticeofgivingandtaking.@W>***************PabongkaRinpoche,inhisfamedworkonthestepsofthepath,coversthesamepoint  intwodifferentplaces:  B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ P 9 / < 0 < , /+ $ < < : , 0 < ` $ / < + , 0 < ` 2 # < B  ԍ[t]C  x / < - &    B   BJ # < - + $ ./v # 0 < , + $ < < : , < - 7 $ B  ԍ[t]C  7 e $ / e 0 < - 7 F : 7 e 9 BB- 7 : { < P 9 8 , # < $ < /< 8X< X~ <Evenifyoudoundertakethecontemplationthisway,thefactisthatyouwill & findyourselfunabletotakeawayanythingdirectly.Youwillthoughfinishamassingagreatamountofvirtuouskarma,inaveryeffectiveway;andifyoureallygetusedtothepracticethenyouwillfindyourselflateractuallyabletotakesomething.Thisissimilar,saidourLama,tothestoryofthededicatedpractitionerofthemeditationofLovingOne. ;,k$ @W>***************B  ԍ[s]C  X8XXX<8 XX8+ 7 0 ' # /+ P 9 / + # # < # ) $ : , e < - / 5 , + P 9 b 9 B  ԍ[t]C  7 # # 0 0    B   B7 # / D # - 7 2 /9 $ # 0 < - 1 0 : < /+ P B  ԍ[t]C  + $ < # , < - 9 . , / + + $ < BB< / - + P 9 b 9 0 7 # B  ԍ[t]C  - 9 0 * $ , < + , + P 9 + $ < < 7 $ / 5 # e + BBX 0 B  ԍ[t]C  9 $ # $ < , < " 9 a 9 / 7 T # / < 0 /  + /< 8X< X~ <Nowattheveryendyoushouldlookintoyourselfandseewhetherthings &  reallyhappenedthewayyoupicturedtheyshouldwhenyoudidthegivingandtaking.Andwhatyouwillfindisthatitwasallonlyawish:thatinactualitytherewasnohelporhappinesswhichcameaboutatpresent.Thisshouldleadyoutothinktoyourself,"Wellthen,Iwillhavetoseetoitthatthisactuallydoeshappen."Trytobringupinyourheartthereforethefeelingofpersonalresponsibility,whereyoudecidethatyouwouldbewillingtocarrytheloadallonyourown.  >n X< XXX< f <#XX<<< TheAsianClassicsInstitite  G Aselectionfrom:TheGarden  Q BQX(Ca:;BBOLXC[:;B < <ChapterIX:Compassion  p  #<<#< <X< X <ThemeetingwithMasterGunaPrabhaleftmewithmonthsofthinkingtodo. $t  Iwouldwalkthroughthestreetsofthemarketintown,orsitatthewindowofthelibrary,lookingoutatthefieldsofcottonandgrovesoforange,andtrytoimaginehowthesecouldbeproducedbysomeseedorimprintwithinmyownmind.Itseemeddifficulttoaccept,butduringmymeditationsIreviewedtheideaswehadtalkedaboutagainandagain,andcouldfindnofaultwiththem.IknewthatGunaPrabhahadspokentrulywhenhesaidIwouldhavetoovercomemynaturalfeelingsaboutwhatappearedtomyeyes,andtheprejudicesofthecultureinwhichIhadbeenraised,anduseinsteadthesightendowedbycarefulreasoning.Intime,withcontinuedthinkingandobservation,Igrewaccustomedtothisnewwayofseeingthings,anditbroughtmeagreatdealofcomfortthatitexplainedeveryaspectofmyworld,andmyownexperiencesoverthecourseofalifetime.Especiallywhenthingswentwrong"whenthekeeperofthe 2 libraryshoutedatmeforsomeminorerror,orwhensomethingIhaddearlyhopedforfailedtoworkout"IreviewedmymeetingwithMasterGuna   Prabha,totrytoidentifywhatImusthavedoneinmypastthinking,speaking,oractingtocausemetoseethisevent.AndIrealizedthat,ineverycase,thenaturalreactionwhichIwouldhavehad,suchassayingsomethingrudebacktothelibrarykeeperwhenheberatedme,wasexactlythekindofactionthatwouldplantanimprintformetoseemyselfbeingshoutedatagain;thatis,ifIdidnotrestrainmyselffrommynaturalnegativereaction,IwouldbeperpetuatingtheverysufferingIwastryingtoavoid.Itbecamequiteclearthenthatitwouldmakesenseformetotakesomestepthatwouldhelpmerestrainfrommynaturalreactionstowrongs,andsoI + '( determinedtotakethefivelifetimevowsofalayman.ThekindlyabbotofthesmallhermitagewhereIkeptmyroomgrantedthemtome,withasimpleceremonyinhismodestquarters.Itrulyenjoyedthevowsandmadeitacustomeveryfewhoursduringthedaytoreviewthem;itwasnotthatImighthavekilledamanineverysuchperiodoftime,butImadeitachallengetofindtheactionIhaddonewhichcametheclosesttoendangeringthelifeofanotherperson,orevenananimal.Then,inordertoachieveabalancewithinmyheart,IalsosearchedthehourstofindsomethingIhaddoneinapositiveway,somethingIhaddonetoprotectandpreservelife,andsetasideafewminutestotakejoyinwhatIhaddone"for   theabbothadadvisedmethatthiswasacertainwaytoincreasethepowerofthepositiveseedsinmymind.Andattheendofeveryday,beforesleeping,IreviewedseveralofthetenactionsthatMasterGunaPrabhahadspokenof,toseewhatnegativethingIhaddoneclosesttothem,andwhatthingIhaddonewhichwasthepositiveoppositeofthem.Ikeptalittlediaryforthispurpose,eachdayorganizingtwoorthreeofthetenactionsandtheiroppositeslikethis,onasinglepage" Uz  ` 1)takinglife ` closestIcametoittoday:almosthitsomeonewithmyhorse0 ` 0 ` 8"` 8" ` closestIcametotheopposite(protectinglife):madesureRtookhermedicine  8" 8" ThelistofthetenactionsandtheiroppositesIkeptinthefrontofmyjournal,likethis" "  ` 1.Takinglife h     1.Protectinglife q$  ` 2.Stealing   h     2.Respectingothers'property Z% Ѐ ` 3.Sexualmisconduct    3.Respectingothers'partners C&h   ` 4.Lying   h     4.Tellingonlythetruth ,'Q!  ` 5.Divisivetalk h     5.Bringingpeopletogether (:"  ` 6.Harshwords h     6.Kindandgentlespeech (# #  ` 7.Idletalk   h     7.Sayingonlymeaningfulthings ) !$  ` 8.Cravingwhatbelongs    8.Helpingothersgetwhatthey *!%  `  toothers h      p want +"&  ` 9.Takingpleasurein    9.Helpingothersintheir   `  others'misfortunes     p misfortune    ` 10.Holdingontoharmful  10.Examiningmybeliefs,and    `  ideas   h      p keepingonlythosethat    `     h      p weretrueandgoodAndsoIwouldwritedownseveralinstanceswhereIhaddoneorthoughtorsaidsomethingthatwasinanywayclosetothetwoorthreeactionsIhadchosenforthatevening,inboththenegativecolumnandthepositivecolumn.WithinthecourseofbutafewweeksIfoundsomethingchanginginmyselfandmyworld.ThefirstthingInoticedwasratherupsetting,forIbegantorealizethatthroughouttheday,especiallyasIspoketoothers,Iwasconstantlydroppinghints,orevenmakingoutrightstatements,thatwereinasubtlewaymeanttocastmyselfinagoodlight,andtoestrangepeoplefromothers;orelseIwouldsaythingsthat,eventhoughIdidnotuseanyobviouslyharshwords,weremeanttohavethesameeffect.IbegantoworrythenthatIwasgettingworse,andnotbetter,buttheabbotcounseledme,andtoldmethatthiswasanormalimpressionwhensomeonefirststartedtoreallywatchwhattheysaidordidorthought.ThemostimmediateeffectofmyeffortswasthatIsimplystoppedsaying,doing,orthinkingthingsthatweresoobviouslynegativethat,evenasanoviceonthisPath,Icouldnothelpbutnoticethem.WhathappenedthenhadlittletodowiththeseedsorimprintsthatIhadlearnedabout;itwasmuchsimpler:Isimplyhadmoretimeinmymindforbetterthings,forpositivethoughts,andIfoundmyselfbecomingmorecreative,betterabletoconcentrate,andinagoodmoodthroughouttheday,whichwassimplyveryenjoyable.Avoidingbadseedsinmymindwas,well,fun,andnotthedrudgeryI'danticipatedwhenGunaPrabhahadfirstspokenofvows.Inaslowerbutverysteadyway,Ialsonoticedmyworlditselfchanging,andIrememberedthatifseedswereplantedveryconsciouslyandsincerelythattheycouldripenrelativelyquickly:inanidealcase,onecouldevenalterone'sentirerealitywithinthislife.Thechangethatstartedhappeningtomeisdifficulttodescribe,butitwasdefinitelynoticeableandreal.Foodstastedbetter,colorswerebrighter,Ifeltjoyandcreativitybubblingwithinme,and q+"& peopleallaroundmeseemedtobeginsayinganddoingthingsthatinspiredmyspirit.Ifeltinstinctivelythat,ifIwereabletotakethiswayoflifetoitsfinalend,theneventhosethingsinlifewhichseemedinevitable"suchasillnessandold   age,ordeathitself"hadthepotentialtochangeentirely.Ialsosensedthatthis   greaterchangewouldrequiresomethingmorepowerfulthanmypresentefforts,andsooncemoreIfeltcompelledtotraveltotheGarden.Winterbynowhadpassed,andspringwasatitsgorgeousheight.AsIwalkedthroughthegatethateveningInoticed,perhapsnotalittlebecauseofmyrecentpracticesintheartofavirtuouslife,thatthesmallpatchofgrasshadturnedtoalushlawn.Thefountainseemedtoflowwithmorecrystaldesertwaterthanever,andthelimbsofthecarobtreehadspreadfarbeyondtheperimeterofthelittlebrickplatformaroundit:theyreachedoutandthendownnearlytotheendearinglittlewoodenbenchwhereIhadlearnedsomuch.Isatontheendofthebenchandinthetwilightturnedmythoughtsandeyestothesouthernpartofthegarden,toasmallplumtreeunderwhichIrememberedstandingoncewithmyGoldenLady,drawingadesignacrossherforeheadwithmylips,andthensuddenlybeingstruckbyasenseofconcernforpeopleIhadneverknown,andsimultaneouslyfeelingakindofjoltdeepwithinmybody.SodeeplydidImuseonthesethoughtsthatIwasunawarethatMasterAsangahadenteredtheGarden,andwasseatedatmyside,onthebench.Iturned,andthefirstthingIsawwashishand,stretchedouttowardsme,holdingasmall,fragrantcupsay,akindofpastrymymotherhadoftenbaked " forus."Here,"hesaid,"Iheardyoulikethese."Hewasalreadymunchingononeinafriendlyway,completelyunassuming,andurgedmetofollowsuit.Andsowesatthere,enjoyingthesplendidgardenandfood;eachtimeIfinishedwithonepiece,heurgeduponmeanotherfromasmallbaghehadpulledfrombeneathhisupperrobe.HelookedverydifferentthanIwouldhaveimagined.HeandhishalfbrotherVasuBandhu,whohadalreadyblessedmewithhisinstructionintheGarden,hadduringthelastsixteencenturiesbeenconsideredtwoofthegreatestthinkersknowntous.Andyetherebeforemeheseemedsimplyavery +"& pleasantandfriendlycompanion,withasimple,honestfaceandacompletelygentlemannerofmovingandspeaking,almosttothepointofshyness.Heworehisrobesnaturally,notoverlyconcernedabouthowtheylookedbutlookingthereforeasiftheywereanextensionofhisverybeing,soperfectlydidtheirgentlefoldsmatchhisownevidentkindliness."Areyouallright?"heasked,"didyouhaveenough?DoyouthinkImighthaveputtoomuchsugaronthem?Itriedtopowderit,butIhaven'tquitegotitrightyet."IlookedathiminamazementasIimaginedoneofthegreatestphilosophersofalltimefussingoverahotfiretomakesuremypastrieshadbeendonejustright.Butthisseemedsotypicalofhisnature,andtaughtmeagreatlessonevenbeforehebegantospeakinearnest."Timepasses,"hesaidgently,lookingatmewithsoftbrowneyes,fullofconcern,"andIfindpersonallythatItendtoneglectthingsofimportance."Igraspedimmediatelythathewasalludingtomymother,andmysearchformymother,andmyjourneytofindsomewaythatIcouldhelpherstill,ifthiswereinanywaypossible.Irealizedthatthepursuitofmyownhappinessinlifehadovershadowedmyoriginalintentionstohelpher,andinthepresenceofsuchgoodnessIwasforcedtoflushinshame,andlowermyeyestothetopofthebench.Hereachedoutinaverynaturalmotionandtookmyhand,asiftoapologizeforhurtingme,butheldthefingerswithafirmnessthattoldmeitwasanecessaryplacetostart,forthelessonswhichIneededinmylifenow."Gardensaresonice."hesaidwithwarmth."Haveyoueverwonderedhowmuchthoughtittakestoplanoneproperly?Onemustthinkcarefully,andimaginewhatwouldmostpleaseeveryoneofthemanydifferentpeoplewhowillevervisitthegarden,eachseekingsomebriefmomentofserenityintheirlives,andfindingitinaslightlydifferentway,withinasingleGarden."Ifeltapanginmychest,anditseemedasthough,inthesefewsimplewords,hewerestandingbeforeme,shouting,andaccusingmeoftryingthusfarinmyspirituallifetobuildaverystrangegarden,oneonlybigenoughformyself,withnothoughtofmymotherandalltheotherswhoneeded q+"& happinessaswell,butwhohadfoundnoteacherorPathtohelpthem.HisextraordinarywayofusingeverydayconversationtodrawmyattentiontotheverythingsImostneededtothinkaboutstruckmeintensely,remindedmedeeplyofSomeoneelsewithaverysimilarquality."Supposeforexample,"hecontinued,asifcompletelyunawareofthewayhiswordswerepummellingmyheart,"thatthepersonwhodesignedthegardenenjoyedplumsandroses.IguessthatitwouldtakesomedegreeofselfBBcontrol,andsensitivity,torealizethatothersmightpreferotherflowersandfruits.Andsothedesignerofthegardenwouldatsomepointhavetogotoothergardens,toobservecarefullythepeoplewhowentthere,andtryveryhardtoputhimselfintheirplaces,andlearntoseewhattheyenjoyina   garden,almostaswellastheydo."Againhiswordsstruckasoftpointinmyheart,andIfeltcompelledtoconfesstohim,atthatverymoment,athoughtthathadtroubledmeforsometime."Iamnotapersonwhohaslivedmanyyears,"Ibegan,"butevenbeforeIhadspentmuchtimeinthislifeIquicklyunderstoodwhatasacredthingitwouldbeifIcouldreallyputmyselfinothers'places,ifIcouldtrulymanagetobeasconcernedaboutwhattheywantasmuchastheywere"inshort,ifIcould 4 learntofeelthekindofloveorcompassionthatwantstoprovideotherswithwhattheywantinlife,andwantsiteverywayasmuchastheythemselvesdo.  "Buttobeentirelyhonest,"Icontinued,"Icannotseehowitispossible.IamcompletelyawarethatIamalwaysinfinitelymoreinterestedinwhatIwantthaninwhatotherswant,eveniftheirwantisamoreseriouswant,eveniftheirwantisaquestionoftheirinnerorphysicalsurvival.IsimplycannotimagineanywaythatIcouldlearntocareforotherswiththesamecarewithwhichIcareformyself,andthisbothersmedeeply,forIsensewhatjoyitwouldbringallofushereinthisworldifwecouldlearnthisonesacredwayofliving.""Youarecompletelyright,"hesaidwithasomberexpression,fullofconcernformyconcern."Itissonaturalandeasyforustopassthroughlife,worryingaboutthoseminorneedsandwantsthatwehaveforourselves,andignorethosewhomayevenbedyingofhungerandwantofshelter,beforeourveryeyes.Andasyousayweareawareofthisdeficiencyinourcompassion,andIknowoffewthinkingpeoplewhodonotfeeldisturbedfromtimetotimeby +"& theirowninabilitytocareforotherswithevenasliveroftheconcernthattheyautomaticallyshowforthemselves.Weknowwewanttolove,andweknowwedonotknowhow."Wesatsilentlyforsometime,andIwonderedathowcloseIalreadyfelttohim,howhemademefeelhisequalandevenhisconfidante,withinbutafewminutes.Thenheclearedhisthroatsoftly,asifafraidtospeak,andsaid,"Iamnogreatsaint..."Andinthewayhesaidit,Irealizedthathewas."Butsomeoneoncetaughtmethismeditationthatperhapscouldhelpus..."Andofcourse,Iknewitwould."NotthatI'msayingthatI'vebeenabletodoitverywellmyself..."AndIknewthathehadperfectedit."Butperhapsyouwouldfinditofsomeuse,"heconcluded.InstinctivelyIraisedmyhandstomybreast,andtouchedmyheart,asifaskinghimtochangeit,thenandthere."Prepareyourselfformeditation,"hesaidsoftly,butwiththeultimatetoneofauthority,theauthorityofloveitself.AndIpreparedmyself,withinmymind,asIhadlearnedfrommasterKamalaShila,hereintheGarden.AfterafewminutesAsangasaid,"Nowwatchyourbreath.Watchitpass,inandout.Donottrytochangeitinanyway,simplywatchit."ThisIdid,quietly."Andnowthink,"hecontinuedalmostinawhisper,"ofsomekindofpainortroublethatyoucanexpecttocometoyoubeforethisnightitselfends."IcouldimaginenopainortroublehereintheGarden,especiallywithMasterAsangabymyside,andsoImovedmymindlateronintothenight,thinkingoftheemptyfeelingthatIalwayshadwhenIleftthegateoftheGarden,asIrealizedonceagainthatIwasleavingwithouthavingmettheGoldenOne q+"& forwhom,Ihadtoadmit,Istilllived."Andnowtakethatemptyfeeling,"hesaidquitenaturally,"ofthatfutureyou,ofyourselfinperhapsanhourfromnow,andimaginethatthefeelinghaschangedtoalittlepoolofpitchblacklight,deepinyour,his,heart."Ididso,seeingasmallblotofpureblacknesswithinmyselfoverthere,nearthegate,inanhourorso,ashe,I,leftthegateoftheGarden."Nowwishthatyoucouldtakethatblacklightawayfromthatfutureyou;makeawishthathewouldneverhavetoexperiencethatemptyfeeling,anddecidethatyouwilltakeitawayfromhim."Imadethisdecision;itwasnotsohard,consideringthatIwasgoingtofeelbetterthanIwouldhavefeltotherwise,ifonlyinanhourfromnow."Andnowcutthatpoolofblacklightawayfromtheheartofthefutureyou,asifwithsomerazor,anddecidethatyouwouldbewillingtotakeitintoyourselfnow,ifhewouldnothavetofeelitlater."ThistimeIfeltabitofhesitation,afeelingthatitmighthurtme,butsinceitwasjustsavingmyselfthesamepainlater,IdecidedIcoulddoso,inthesamewaythatweendurehavingacutcleanedoutwithalcohol,knowingitwillhelpusstopagreaterhurtlater,ifwetakethesmallerhurtnow.Idecidedtoaccepttheblackhurtlightnow."Nowdrawtheblacklightintoyourself,sucktheemptyfeelingoutofthatfutureyou,ashewalksthroughthegateoverthere.Changeittoalongthinstreamofblacklightandletitfloatontheairofyourbreath,asyouinhale,andyourbreathreturnstoyourbody.IfthepictureisnotclearwithoneinBBbreath,thenbringtheblackstreaminonseveralofthem."IdidasMasterAsangainstructed,andthemoreIconcentrated,themoreIfeltaslightdistaste.ButIbroughttheblacklightinonmybreath,knowingIwashelpingmyfutureself."Thebreathisenteringyourchest;theblacklightisridingonthebreath.Nowseeatinyflameintheverymiddleofyourheart:thisisyourownselfishness,andthemisunderstandingofyourlifeandyourworldthatcreatesthis q+"& selfishness.See,lookattheblacklight,itisapproachingthatlittleflameofselfishness;itisabouttotouchit."IsawthetipofthethinrayofblacklightasIbreatheditinthroughmynostrils,andsawitstreamdownthethroat,intomychest,andabouttotouchtheredflameofmyselfishness."Watchcarefullynow,concentrate,foritwillallbeoverinaflash.Theblacklighthitstheflame;thereisaburstofwhitelight;theflameofyourselfishnessblinksintonothingness;andtheblacklightitselfflashesintoapuffofthinwhitesmoke,thatevaporatesaswellintonothingness"allinasplitsecond.   Yourownselfishness,andyourownfuturepain,whichyoudecidedtotakeuponyourself,aregoneforever,andyourheartiscleanandpure."Thispartwasmorefun,ahappyending,andIpracticeditafewtimes.EachtimeIfeltasenseofrelief,andrelease,asthelittleflamewassnuffedout,andthepuffofwhitesmokefadedaway."Restforamoment,"hesaid.Hepulledalittlewoodenbowlfromafoldatthesideofhisrobes,steppedslowlyandgracefullytothespring,andfilledit.Thenhecameandofferedittome,andIdrankgratefully,onlyafterwardsrealizinghownaturalitseemedthatthisextraordinarymasterofphilosophy,andoflifeitself,shouldbeservingaspiritualbeginnerlikeme.Heseatedhimselfagain,andcontinued:"Nowthinkofsomesuffering,somepainfulsituationorthought,thatyoucananticipatemightcometoyousometimetomorrow."Thiswasnogreatfeat,forthethoughtofthedisgruntledlookonthelibrarykeeper'sface,asIenteredforworkperhapsanhourortwolate,directlyfromalatenight'srideonthecoach,cameimmediatelytomind.Icouldeasilyimaginethefeelingofresentmentthatwouldwellupinsideofmethen,despitemybesteffortsinthemoment,andwhateversincereresolutionsImightmakeinadvance,topreventit."Nowseetheresentmentinhisheart,intomorrowyou'sheart,asasmallpoolofblacklight."Iclosedmyeyesandimaginedit,ablackblotinsidemychestasIstood +"& framedinthedoorofthelibrary,facingthekeeper'swritingdesk."Nowcutitawayfromyourheart."AndIdid."Nowbesuretoseeitforwhatitis,besuretothinkofitasthatfuturepaininyourownheart,anddecidetotakeitintoyourself."Nowseeitasathinstreamofblacklight,ridingtheinbreath,approachingyourface."Enteringyournostrils."Seepingdownyourthroat,nearlytouchingthetinyflameofselfishnessandmisunderstandingatyourheart."Touched!"Flashofwhitelight!"Selfishnessblinksout!"Resentmentgonetoapuffofsmoke,andthesmoke"vanished!"hesaid  urgently."Yourheart"pure,andclean!"  Ifeltagainthefeelingofrelease,offreedom,andasortofpridethatIwastakingcareofsomeoneelse,evenifitwasmyself.Themeditationwashavingsomekindofdeepereffectonme,onewhichIhardlywouldhaveanticipated."Nowtrytoimaginethethreeorfourworstpainsyoumighthaveinthewholeweekahead.Don'tbelazy,definethemclearlyinyourthoughts,andseethemasthepoolofblacklightinhis,Imeanyour,heart,aweekfromnow."Thiswasalittlemoreofanexercise,butIdidso.Almostcertainlytherewouldbeamajorinsult,oratleastasnideremark,fromthekeeperofthelibrary,onethatwouldstaywithmeafewdays,disturbingmythoughtsandsleep.Icouldprobablycountonaproblemwithmyhorse,hewasalways +"& losingashoeorrunningfrommeinthemorning,whenIwasalreadylatetothelibrary.Nodoubtthespringrainwouldgettothefirewood,andmydinnerwouldbelate;and,yes,Icould,aftertonight,expectsomesharpfeelingsofpain,feelingsthatstayedovertheyears,rememberingmymother,andwonderinghowIcouldhelpher."Youknowthesteps,"hesaid."Nowtakethepainyourself."Thiswassomethingnew,tryingtokeepmymindonthreeorfourdifferenthurtsatonce,butIcouldfeelthattherewardfromdoingsowouldbeevengreater,andIwentthroughthewholemeditationslowly,picturingeachstepclearly.StrangelyIfeltveryrelievedthatIwouldhavethewholeweekaheadwithoutatleastthesefewsufferings."Andnowdothewholemonth,"hesaid."Defineclearlythesevenoreightworstthingsthatcouldcometoyouinthenextthirtydays,andgothroughtheexerciseyourself.Goslowly,makesureeverythingisclear."Ittookmenearlytwentyminutes,butIdidasMasterAsangasaid.OnonehandIwasbecomingmoreaccustomedtomynaturalhesitationtotakeonthepain,andIwaslearningtoovercomeit;butontheotherhanditseemedalargerandmoredifficulttaskeachtimetheamountofpainwasincreased.Icaughtmyselftryingnottothinkofthespecifickindsofpainveryclearlyastheblacklightapproachedmyface,butIknewinstinctivelythatthiswasnotthepoint,andsoredoubledmycourageandpicturedthemclearlyintheblack."Enough,"hesaid,"restagain."Ileanedbackandbreathedthesweetspringair,gazedupattheawesomedesertstars,andallowedmythoughtstowanderthenooksandcranniesoftheGardenwhereShehadgivenmeotherlessons.Thenheleanedovertomewarmly,tookupmyhandsinhisown,andgazedsincerelyintomyeyes."Whenyouhavethestrength,thenincreasethepoolofblacktoincludethemajorproblemsandpainsyouwillfaceinthecomingyear.Whenyouarestillstronger,visityourselfatyourdeathbed,andhelptakeawayhisextraordinarypain.Lateronbegintoaddthesufferingandconfusionthatyouwillexperiencejustafterdying,asyouenterthattemporaryspiritform,andbeginthejourneytoyournewlife.Thentakethepainsoftheentirecominglife,andthenthelivesafterthat. q+"& "Gocarefully,makesureyouthinkofeachofthepainsclearly,andbeverysuretogoslowly,donothurtyourself,takeinonlywhatyoucandocomfortably.Itisagoodsignifyoufeelsomeslightanxietyandhesitation,foritshowsthatyouarereallyimaginingthepainsclearly.Butatnotime,inanymeditation,shouldyoupushyourselftoapointwhereithurts,whereyoubecomenervousordistraught,forthisisveryharmfultotheheartandtothespiritualbody.Thekeyistomeditateregularly,andtobuildupsteadily,littlebylittle,sothatthemeditationbecomesfirmandstrong,ratherthanmakingmajorbuthystericalefforts,fortheseusuallycollapseentirelywithinashorttime."Whenyourstrengthisgreat,yourinnerstrength,thenbegintoimagineoneortwominorsufferingsofsomeoneclosetoyou,sayyourownfatherormother.Practicetakingtheseintoyourself,anddestroyingthemandyourselfishness,alongwiththemisunderstandingthatcausesthisselfishness,intheflashofwhitelight.Thenbuilduptoaweekwiththem,andthenamonth,andsoon."Moveonnexttootherpeoplethatyoulove,relativesandclosefriends,asbefore."Whenyoufeelyourselfevenmoreadvanced,thenshiftovertopeopletowhomyoufeelneutral:strangerswhovisitthelibrary,peopleonthesideoftheroadasyoupass."Whenyourmeditationispowerfulenoughforagreaterleap,thentakeuponyourselfthepainsofthosewhomyouactivelydislike.This,whenyouareabletodoithonestly,willbeagreatachievement,aninnerachievement,solittlerecognizedbytheworldatlarge,whichismoreimpressedifapersoncanwinabattleofstrengthwithahorse,thanifheorshecanwinabattleofstrengthwithhisorherownbadthoughtsandhabits,althoughthelatterisinfinitelymoredifficult."Andthenfinally,whenyouareatyourpeak,sendyourmindouttoeverypossiblehabitationoftheworld:tothehousesofhumans,tothecavesofanimals,tothepoolswherefishlive,totheoceansandtreesandholesbeneaththeground,andimagineeverylivingthing,andpracticethissacredactwitheveryouterandinnerpaintheyhave.Gobeyondyourownworldtothestars,andtootherrealms,realmsmostlyofhorror,thatyourmindknowsmustexist, q+"& althoughyoureyescannotyetseethem.Go,toworldsandplanetsandrealmsofhurtingthingsthatyourmindcanbarelyimagine,andtaketheirblackhurtawayfromthem."Hesatsilently,thenraisedacornerofhisrobe,andwipedawayhistears,silently.Wesatinthequiet,andIenjoyedthesweetfeelingofchoosingtonoticethepainofothers,andwantingtotakeitfromthem.Ifeltatthatmomentthattherewasnosweeteremotionintheworld"notthepleasureofalover,northe :_ thrillofsuccess,northefireofpowerormoney."SometimesIthink,"hebegan,andIheardcominganotheroneofthoselessonsthatwasnotalesson,ateachingdisguisedasapassingthought,"ofhowmothersmustfeel;itisnotafeelingthatyouorIwilleverbeabletofeelinthislife,butwecanwatchandobservemothers,andseetheirblindandoverpoweringlovefortheirchildren,alovethatwouldimpelthemtocommitanyacttheyhadto,ifitmeanthelpingtheirchildren."Thisloveseemstohavetwosidestoit:thereisonekindoflovetheyhavethatcannotbeartowatchtheirchildsuffer"youmusthaveseenyourself,a Uz motherwithasickinfantinherarms,pushingherwaythroughacrowdofpeoplewhowaittoseesomegreatphysician;amotherracingtoprotectherchildfromanoncomingcarriage;amotherlikealionrisinginfurytoanyonewhowouldthreatenherchild."Thenthereisthesideofamother'slovethatwantstogive,thatwantstoprovide;Isupposewethinkmostnaturallyofhowshewantsattheverybeginningtogivemilk,tofillherchildwiththiswarm,liquidhappiness,andseethecontentmentonthebabe'sfaceafterwards.Andthenthroughoutherlifeamotherstrivestoseetoitthatherchild,evenwhenheorsheisalreadygrown,getseverythingtheywishfor:somespecialpieceofclothing,agoodschooling,goodandhelpfulfriends,andthenintheiradultyearsprosperity"a Y$~ goodoccupation,agoodhome,spouse,andtheirownchildren."ThemotherwishesallthesethingsonherchildinawaythatsometimesamazesmeasIthinkofit,becauseitoftenseemsthat"ofallthepeopleinthe (:" world"itisonlyyourmotherwhocaresforyoumorethanyoucarefor ); # yourself."AndIknewthetruthofMasterAsanga'swords,forthisveryrealizationhad +#& cometomeontheeveofmymother'sdeath,whenthewindshowledthroughthetreesoutsidemydoorattheAcademy,andIrealizedthatIhadlosttheonepersonwhocaredmoreformyhappinesseventhanIdid."Andso,"theMastersaidquietly,withalookthatwasanincongruousmixtureofshynessandextremeinnerpower,"thereisasecondparttothemeditation,whichifyoudon'tmind,Icantrytodescribetoyou,althoughIhardlyunderstanditsowellmyself."Ismileddespitemyself,andnodded."Theentirepracticewearedoingtogethertonightiscalled'givingandtaking,'althoughwhenweactuallyperformitwedothetakingpartfirst,andthegivingpartlater.Whatwetake,asyouhaveseen,isthesufferingofothers,byrehearsingfirstwithourownsuffering.Rememberthesufferingcanbeanythingthathurtsaperson,allthewayfromtheatrocitiesthattakeplaceinthevastrealmsofmisery"beyondourpresentsight"onuptotheverylast k momentofdoubt,theverylastmomentbeforeknowledgebecomestotal,inthemindofagreatsaint."Andwhatwegiveisallhappiness,everythingwecan,everythingwehave,asIshallnowinstructyou.Bythinkingofhowmothersbehaveyouwilleasilyseewhythetakingcomesfirst,foritwouldbesenselesstoofferachildasmallsweet,oratoy,ifhewereatthatmomentwrithinginpainfromsomediseasethatwasabouttotakehisorherlife."Nowwe'lldothegivingpart,"hesaid,bouncingabitonthebench,likeachildabouttoplayhisfavoritegame."Prepareyourselfformeditation."AndthisIdid,asbefore."Turnyourmindagaintoyourbreath,totheflowin,andout,andinagain."Ididthisalmostautomatically,asIhadbeentaught,inordertofocusmyselfinward."Nowpictureallyourgoodness,allyourgoodthoughtsandwordsanddeeds,andallthesacredknowledgeyouhaveeverlearned,andalltheimprintslyinginyourmindthatwillproducehappinessforyouinthefuture.Seeitall +"& lumpedtogether,asaglowing,purewhitelightatyourheart.""Nextthinkofsomeoneyouknow"someonedeartoyouiseasiesttobegin   with"andthinkaboutwhattheywouldmostliketohave,somethingor   relationship,oranythingelseatall."Ithoughtforamomentandhesitated.MyfirstinstincthadbeentosendHersomething,butuponreflectingIcouldnotimaginewhatshemightwant,becauseinmyheartIfeltthat,whenIlookedatthewaysheheldhereyes,withthelidshalfclosedinsomekindofconstantbliss,sheseemedsomehowcomplete,andtherewasnothingmoresheneededatall.Thistoo,Isurmised,waswhyMasterAsangahadnotmentionedfocusingeithersideofthismeditationontheEnlightenedOnes,fortherewasnothingtotake,andnothingtheyneeded.AtthesametimeitoccurredtomethatIcouldperhapsattimesofferthemwhatlittlegoodthoughtsorrealizationsIhadreached,asachildproudlyshowsaparentsomelittledrawingtheyhavemade.AndsoIsettledonmymother,andimaginedthatIcouldprovideherwithsomegreatlantern,amysticallantern,whichwouldshowherhowtomakeherwayawayfromtherealmsofterrorthathermindmightencounterinthetimeafterherdeathinthisworld.AndassheheldthelampinherhanditwouldalsodirecthertothisholyPath,likeagoodhorsewhoknowsthewayhome,evenafterthesunhasset,anddarknesscoveredtheworld."Nowasyouwatchyourbreath,focusononeoftheoutgoingbreaths.Donot,bytheway,evertrytoholdyourbreath,orcontrolit,duringthismeditation:itshouldsimplygoasitwantstogo,withoutanyinterferenceonyourpart.Ononeoftheoutgoingbreaths,orseveralifitfeelsmorecomfortable,sendforthaslenderrayofthewhitelightfromyourheart,ridingonthebreath."Imaginethatthebreathflowsoutintotheworld,ortotheentiregalaxy,andseeksoutyourmother,wherevershemaybeatthismoment.Onthetipoftherayoflightseeyourmagiclantern;makeitfullsize,forthelightraysofthoughtknownolimitation:theycanreachtothefarthestcornersofexistenceanddeliverthereanyobject,fromadropofwatertothegreatestofoceans."Imaginethattherayoflightreachesherside."Imaginethatshelooksdown,inawe,andseesthewhitelightthathascome +"& toher."Imaginethatsherealizesthelighthascomefromyou,fromherson,andimaginethatagreatjoy,aswhiteasthelight,fillsherheart."Imaginethatshereachesintotherayoflightandtakesupthelantern."Imaginethat,aswespeak,ithasalreadybeguntodrawherforth,tothegreaterLight."WhilstMasterAsangaspoke,myheartwrenchedwithpainfulmemory,andatthesametimeleaptwithsuddenhope."Isitpossible?"Iaskedfervently,"Canshereallyseeit?Doesitreallygotoher?"Hegavemealookofintensecompassion,hiseyesglistening,andsaidquietly,"Listencarefully,forIbringyouverygladtidings,butnotthekindthatyoumayexpect.Letmeaskyou,firstofall,afewsimplequestions.DoyoubelieveintheexistenceoftheEnlightenedOnes?""Yes,"Isaid,"Imaynotbeabletoseethem,butmoreimportantlyIunderstandhowtheycanexist,andIevenunderstandhowImightbecomeone.AsidefromallthisIhaveaninstinct"althoughIadmitthatinstinctsare  generallytobeviewedwithcaution,whereasunderstandingcanalwaysbetrusted"whichhasstayedwithmethroughoutmywholelife,andthroughout  mywholebeing;andthisinstinctinformsmethattheEnlightenedOnescertainlydoexist.""Anddoyouimagine,"hesaid,"thatanEnlightenedOneisawareofthesufferingofthosebeingswhoarenotyetenlightened?""Mostcertainlyso,fortheyknowallthings,andoursufferingisbutoneofallthings.""AnddoyoubelievethattheseEnlightenedOnesarecompassionate?Whentheyseeoneofussuffering,dotheycare?""Ofcoursetheycare,theycareaboutoursufferingevenmorethanwedo.""Andsoiftherewereanywayinwhichtheycouldremoveanysingleatom +"& ofoursuffering,saybydoingthismeditationthemselves,donotyouthinkthattheywouldhavedoneso,alongtimeago?"Isatsilent,stunnedbythethought."Andsocannotwesay,thatthefactthatwedosuffernow,isproofthatsufferingcannotberemovedsimplybysomeonewishingitremoved,whetherthatsomeoneisourselvesoranyotherbeingintheuniverse?"MyuttersilenceconfirmedthetruthofMasterAsanga'swords."Sowhatistheuse,"Icriedoutthen,"whatistheuseofdoingthismeditation,oranythingelse?Ifitcannotreallyremoveanyone'spain,orprovideanyonewithhappiness,thenwhydoweeventry?"Hegazedatmesomberly."Iaskyou,"hesaidquietly."WhywasitthatyouandIstartedthismeditationinthefirstplace,earlierthisevening?""Ihadaskedyouiftherewasawaytolearncompassion;iftherewasanywaythatIcouldlearntocareforotherswiththesameintensitythatIcareformyself.""Anddoyouunderstandwhyyourheart,andtheheartofeverylivingbeing,cravessoforthisholywater?Doyouunderstandwhyyouthirstsodeeplyforthisability,thisabilitytoloveequally?""ItisnothingIcanputintowords,onlyIsenseittobetrue,Ithinkweallsenseittobetrue.""Therealreason,"herepliedsincerely,"isthatwiththislovewecandoallthings,andbeallthings.Andthereisapartofourmindwhichrealizesthisfact,althoughwearetooweaktoactonitproperly.Toputitverysimply,thiscompassionistheonequalitythatcanturnyouintoaspiritualWarrior.Itistheonlyemotionwhichcandriveyoutothegreatestheightofhumanendeavor,whichistheabsoluteandunquestioningserviceofallthosearounduswhoneedinanyway.""Andsoactuallythismeditationcannothelpmymotheroranyoneelse,"Imused,hardlyhearinghiswords. q+"& ЇMasterAsangagrabbedmefullontheshoulders,andforthefirsttimeherevealedthestrength,theoverpoweringmight,ofbothhisbodyandhisintellect.Hegavemeonepowerfulshake,andsaid"Lookinmyeyes!Now!"Ilooked."Think!"Itried,Iwastired,Iwasbeginningtolosethepoint."Whatwouldbethelogicalresultofameditationinwhichyouattempted,ifonlymentally,toremovethesufferingsofeverylivingcreatureintheuniverse,andtobringthemeverywishtheirheartsdesired,fromthemeaslyhappinessesofthedamnedexistencewelivenow,allthewayuptothehighestblissoftotalenlightenment?"Ithoughtforamoment,moreclearlyundertheintensitystreamingthroughhisironarmsandhands."Likeallthoughts,"Ibeganhaltingly,"itwouldplantaseedorimprintinmymind.ButIcannotimagineamorepureintention,noranythoughtwhichcouldcoveragreaterobject,sincewewouldbewishingfortheultimatehappinessnotofjustourselvesorafewlovedones,butratherforthewholelivingkindoftheentireuniverse."Andthenitdawnedonme."IfIhadtochoosetheoneactionwhichcouldcreateanentirelyperfectworldinthefuture,ifIhadtochooseonethingwhichcouldleaveanimprintinmymindthatwouldmakemeseeeverysingledetailandpersonoftheworldascompletelyperfect,aspurelight,andpurebliss,thenitwouldbetheverymeditationwearedoingtonight."Henodded,andcontinuedtostareinmyface,waitingformore."ButwhatgoodisaperfectworldthatIhavecreatedonlyformyself,ifmymothercannotseeit?Whatgoodisaperfectgardenifitisonlylargeenoughforasingleselfishperson?""Nowlisten,"hecommandedmeagain."Whatdoeslogictellyou?Whatcanyourmindfindtoansweryourquestion?Think!Thisiswhyyouhavecomehere,thisiswhytheGardenitselfexists,thisiswhyyouhaveseenandtalkedtous,tome. q+"& Ї"Whenyourmotherwasill,whenthecancerstartedtoeatatherbreasts,andthenmovedtoherarmsandbelly,andfinallyclaweditswayintoherheartandreleasedtheredbloodthereoverthefloorofyourentirehouse,wasthereanyonewhocouldhavecomeandremovedhersicknesswithawaveoftheirhand?""No,noone,notforher,notforanyone,aslongashumanityhaslived.""Andwhatcausedhertobeill?""Accordingtoallthatwehavesaid,itwasbecausesheherselffailed,atsomepointinthepast,torespectlife.""Andwhydidshefailtorespectlife?""Well,becauseshewaslikeallofus,shewasliketheentiremassofhumanity,wholiveouttheirexistence,andsufferhorriblythroughthatexistence,andknownoendtothissuffering,neitherevenrecognizethatthesufferingwillcontinuebeyonddeath,norevenoftenastheysufferrealizetheyaresuffering,butcontinueonlikesheeptotheslaughter,infactlikesheepthatcouldsomehowpickuptheknifeandslittheirownthroats"forwesufferbecause 4 wehavecausedsufferingtoothers,andwearecompletelyignorantthatthisiswhatbringsusoursuffering,andbecause,finally,inseekingtoprotectwhatwethinkareourowninterestswerespondtoevilwithnewevil,andthusassureeviluponourselvesinthefutureaswell.""Andhowisitthatyoucametoknowthistruth?"hesaidsimply."Itisthekindness,"Isaid,breakingintotears,"thekindnessofyourself,andthekindnessofalltheteacherswhohavecometothisGarden,toshowmethattherealsourceofallpainisthepainwedotoothers.""Andwhydidwehavetoshowyou?Whydidwehavetospeak,anddescribe,andreasonwithyou,andmakeyouthink,andbringyoutoatrueunderstanding?Couldn'twehavesimplytakenwhatweknow,andmagicallyputitintoyourmind,withoutthesehoursofheartfeltdiscussionandcontemplation?""No,Idon'tthinkthisispossible." +"& Ї"Whynot?""Ifyouloveme,youwouldhavedonesolongago;IwouldhavehadnoreasontocometotheGarden,Iwouldknoweverythingalready,simplybecauseyouwantedmetoknow.""Anddoyouthinkthatweunderstandsimplybecauseweunderstand?Ordoyouthinkratherthat,onceuponatime,atsomepointinthepast,wewereexactlylikeyourself,andknewnothingofthePath,andthenhadthegreatblessingtomeetspiritualguides?""Ithinkyoumusthavebeen,atsometimeinthepast,justlikemyself.Andthenyoumetthespiritualguides,andyoucametounderstandtheirteaching,andsofinallyyoureachedtheultimategoalsofthatteaching.""Andsonowwehavecometothepoint.Iaskyoutoimagineaworldwithoutasinglespiritualguide.Thinkofthisgardenasanempty,darkplace,withnoneofthelightthatyouhaveseenheresincethatfirstnight,whenShegrantedyouthekindnessofallowingyoutoenterthissacredplace."Icouldnotbearthethought.Ishookmyheadviolently,andpushedbackagainsthishandsonmyshoulders."AndsoIaskyou;whatisthebest,andinfacttheonly,waytohelpyourmother?Doyouthinkyouaregoingtosendherahousetostayin,orabedtosleepin,orsomepieceofbreadorfruit?Doyouthinkthiswillhelpherwheresheisnow?Doyouthinkthisiswhatsheneeds?Doyounotknow,verywell,thatduringherbriefstayinthisworldshehadahouse,andthatshesleptinabed,andthatshefilledherselfwiththemountainoffoodthatapersonconsumesoverthecourseofalifetime?Anddidthesethingsstopthecancer?""No,no,"Isobbed."Sowhatwillyousendtoher,onthewhitelightfromyourheart?""Light,alantern,aspeciallanternthatguideshertoaplacewithoutsuffering,thelampofunderstandingtheverythingsyouhavetaughtme." q+"& "Andwhocanbeherlamp?Whocanteachhertruly,theentirePath,frombeginningtoend?Whoseesherwholepast,andherwholefuture,andherwholemind:whoknowsexactlywhatknowledgesheneeds,whatstepstoleadherupon?""OnlyanEnlightenedOne,"Iburstback."AndwhatcreatesanEnlightenedOne?"hedemanded."Thatsamethingwhichcreatesallthings:actionsofthemind,actionsofthespeech,andactionsofthebody"buttocreateanEnlightenedOnetheseactions   mustbetotallypure,theymustplanttheseedsinthemindthatwillmakeusseeourselvesbecomeEnlightenedOnes,"Isaidurgently."Andwhatmeditationisitthatplantsthoseseedsmostperfectly?"hedemanded."Icanthinkofnonemoreperfectandcompletethantheoneyouhavejusttaughtme,"Ireplied,calmingwithin,"becausethisisthePathtocompassionitself,thecompassionwhichlovesallothersasweloveourselves,betterthanweloveourselves.""Andsonowyoutellme,"hesaid,releasingmyshoulders,andlookingdownquietly."Canyou,simplywiththepowerofmeditation,takeawaythesufferingsofyourmother,andfillherwithhereverywish,herultimate  wishes"perfecthappinessandparadise?"  "IfthatmeditationmakesmeanEnlightenedOne,andgivesmetheabilitytogotoherandteachherthisPathperfectly,then,"Isaid,withasuddenfeelingofcompletejoy,"yes.""Thensendherthewhitelight,"saidMasterAsangaasherosefromthebench,"sendthelantern,bethelantern.Sendwatertothosewhothirst,becometheglassofwater.Sendacompanionforthosewhoarealone,becomethecompanion.Bealoverforthosewhoneedalover,beachildforthosewhowantachild,beatreeforthosewhowishtositandrest,bearoseforthosewhoseekbeauty,beallthingstoallpeoplethatbringthemanyhappinessatall.Sendeverythingonthewhitelight,outwithyourbreath. +"& "Ourbreathmovesinharmonywithourspiritualbody,andchangesasareflectionofthehealthofthespiritualbody.Thespiritualbodyinturnisaffectedbythebreath,andasthemindgainsinpurityboththebreathandthespiritualbodyaremadewhole.Youwillfindthusthat,asthebreathcarriesthelight,itwillaffectyouinwaysIcannotrevealtoyounow."Devoteyourselftothispracticeoftaking,andgiving.Youwillfindtruecompassion,butyoumustpracticeseriously;whispertoyourselfasyoumovethroughtheday,'givingandtaking';letitbeonyourmind,andonyourlips,constantly,likethebreathitself.Youcandothispracticeanywhere,inthemarket,asyoueat,asyouwork,asyoulieonyourbedwaitingforsleep.Anditwill,Itellyou,bringyoutoyourparadise,yourownGarden,whereyoumustgofirstyourself,ifyouhaveanyhopeoffindingandhelpingyourpreciousmother."Herenowmyson,"andheleanedover,stretchingforthhishand."TaketherestofthesepastriesImadeforyou."  k BQc(Ca:;BBXOcC[:;B g KX< XXX<7K<X XdXXd7 K<XKX<M< K<TheAsianClassicsInstitute =  TheSixPreliminariestoMeditation,andtheSevenIngredients MX< X M<KX< XXMX<ThefollowingselectionistakenfromtheGreatBookontheStepsofthePath e   (Lamrimchenmo)writtenbyJeTsongkapa(13571419).Thispartofhiswork N  isacommentaryonaspecialprayercalledtheKingofAllPrayers,thePrayerof 7  theRealizedOne,DeedsofAllGoodness.  p  @?************NX8XXKX<N8 XNX8 $d<: 0 9 0 & , 0 : < #NX8X N8S##KX< X XNX8R#  FromtheGreatBookontheStepsofthePathbyJeTsongkapa:  K<XKX<N8~ K<  $ 2 : 0 + 9 / Z < ) / Y , - : # ( <  $ 2 : + $ < + $ + : : # D #  } B } B+ # # - 7 + $ - : # ( < : < * , b $ / : ' P 9 e / : + $ - 9 / 7 BB& < , l # Y NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Herewebeginabriefpresentationofhowtopracticethestepsofthepathto   Buddhahood.Firstwewillmaketheactualpresentation,andafterthatrefutecertainmistakenideasaboutthesteps.Thepresentationitselfcomesintwosections;thefirstishowtoproceedduringmeditationperiods.ThisstartswithSixPreliminariestomeditation.JX! XXKX<"%!2% 2%' "[1"|2% %!2%' ""%!2% 2%' "]"|2% %!2%' "J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԇ# < 9 u $ - 7 F 0 * 9 8 , - < # , < " $ : # < - 9 e + 9 e < : U  2%  B 2%  B# < $ * # < ` D , : # < - 9 + i 0 NX8X N8KX< X XNX8HerewearefollowingthedescriptionsofhowSerlingpapracticedduringhis )$  life.Thefirstpreliminarytomeditationistomaketheroomtidyandclean;thensetupabeautifulaltar,withrepresentationsoftheBuddha'sbody,speech,andmind. A,'# ЇJX! XXKX<"T'"[2"|T'""T'"]"|T'"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ0 & + - # 8 0 + - 9 / 1 : : / ! + - 0 3 < - 9 / ; 0   NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thesecondpreliminaryistogoandfindofferingsthatyouobtainwithout  ? usinganydishonestmeans.Putthemforthinanattractivearrangement.JX! XXKX<"N ~  '"[3"| N ~ '""N ~  '"]"| N ~ '"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ + , < ( , < : < # ( + H # < ` / - : < < 0 < $ / 7 U / < < . ,    B   B2 , 7 & # + # < : + : < # 5 , - 7 7 + + - : 7 + , - : < # < - 7 / - BBF 0 < : < < 0 < $ / 7 2 h 7 0 h 7 : < # < - 7 Y $ +  : 0 g $ + 7 " + BB, < e / 9 # < $ < - < # , < 0 : / + / : : < l $ - 9 / r $ Y  : 0 g $ BB$ 0  : 0 g $ d + + 7 $ 9 $ / 7 + : 0 b < 7 " + , <  / < < 7 i / + $ BB< 0 < /  + - { + + $ 7 l < $ < - 5 # e NX8X N8KX< X XNX8NowtheLevelsofListeners[byMasterAsanga]saysthat,whenyouare r  practicingtopurifythemindoftheobstaclesofsleepinessandfogginess,youshould"pressthemuponeachother."Italsostatesthat,whenyouarepracticingtopurifythemindofotherkindsofobstacles,suchasattractiontotheobjectsofthesenses,youshouldseatyourselfuponaplatformorsmallerseatandassumethefulllotusposition.Thereforethethirdpreliminaryistoseatyourselfonacomfortablecushion,situpstraight,andassumeafulllotuspositionwithyourlegs(ahalflotusisalsoacceptable).Inthisposethensinkyourminddeepintothethoughtsoftakingrefuge,andthewishforenlightenment.JX! XXKX<"#)u#u#'"[4"|u##)u#'""#)u#u#'"]"|u##)u#'"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ0 + , b , 0 0 " 7 : { & , + - + $ 6 / 0 P / 7 / { + - 7 v 0 F 0 <  u# B u# B+ $ # 5 , 8 $ < $ < { < + $ e $ & / < 0 < + - 7 7 . # < - ( , * < + $ 9 $ BB< $ < { < / ! 7 Z + + $ / % < - + - # ) 0 + - / 5 # < - 9 / < 0 < ) 2 # < BB# < # - 7 5 $ # < : # + /  )" NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thefourthpreliminaryistovisualizethegardenforgatheringthepowerof  good.Inthespacebeforeyou,imaginetheLamasofboththefarreachinglineage,andthelineageoftheprofoundview.Togetherwiththemareaninconceivablemassof&  Buddhas,andbodhisattvas,listeners,selfmadeBuddhas,andprotectorsoftheDharma.' oJX! XXKX<" F vF 'v"[5"|F v F 'v"" F vF 'v"]"|F v F 'v"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ+ , < : 0 { + :  / 7 0 * , z , 2 # < / < # - + $ 7 # : z , / - $  F v B F v B/ 7 T , % # e + z , 0 + , ( 9 : , b { + 0 # < F 0  $ / 1 0 : 7 / + ` $ : 0 BB; , )  + ! 7 / < / < # $ # # , + F 0 < / Z < - 7 8 , : # / + , - < { + BB $ + # < < + : ..NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Itisextremelydifficulttobringthepathtogrowwithinthestreamofyour   mindifallyoupracticeisthevariousprincipalcauses.Youalsoneedthesupportingcausesforthepathtogrow;youneedtogathertogetherthedifferentfactorsthatareconducivetothepath,andyouneedtocleanyourselfofthefactorsthatareobstacles,theonesthatopposethepath.ThereforeyoumusttrainyourmindintheSevenIngredients,whichincludeinthemallthecriticalpointsforgatheringgoodandcleaningawayobstacles.JX! XXKX<" < '<"[a]"| < '<"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁd # 7 2 : / 7 8 , : # : V # < 0 / Z 0 < - 7 d # , ' X + < + # % <   < B  < B- 7 2 # < / % + # % # Y 7 ' # D , b " 0 < d # < 9 / + $ + < 9 9 7 < $ < BB{ < 0 8 , b d # < / % ! , / 5 # < - + $ W 9 e , 6 , - + $ 0 7 $ < - , BB7 e , - 9 7 b 9 / + $ + P 9 e $ / 7 { : / * 0 < % + : + 0 # < , < # 5 , b BB# 8 0 : { # P / 0 , - 9 / < 0 - * # - , < V # < 0 # < - < d # 7 2 : / 7 + 8 $ < $ < { < # % # : d # 7 2 : , 7 $ / < + , 0 < + - # ) 0 + - : < $ < BB{ < + 1 0 : + 0 # < , < d # 7 2 : , P % ^ < 5 < y / + - , 8 ; < Z <  )! B )! B7 i : - 9 / ; + + NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thefirstingredientisprostration.Thereisonekindofprostrationthat   combinesallthreedoorsofexpression.Itisfoundintheverse[fromtheKing   ofAllPrayers,thePrayeroftheRealizedOne,DeedsofAllGoodness]thatincludes   thewords"Whosoevertheyare,asmanyastheremaybe."&  [Thefullversereads: `  Ibowdown,andpurely,'rā `  Inbodyandspeechandmind, `  ToallthoseLionsoflivingkind, `  Whosoevertheyare, `  Asmanyastheremaybe, `  TothoseWhoareGone; `  Goneinthepast, `  Inthepresentorthefuture, `  Onanyoftheplanets `  Inthetendirectionsofspace.]HerewearenottalkingofaBuddhaonacertainplanetinacertaindirectionofspace,norarewetalkingofaBuddhaofaparticulartime;ourprostrationsratheraredirectedateachandeveryVictoriousBuddha,thosewholiveineveryoneofthetendirectionsofspaceitself"thosewhohavealreadycome 2 before,thosewhoaregoingtocomeinthefuture,andthosewhonowarehere.Don'tdoyourprostrationsjusttogoalongwiththecrowd;dothemratheroutofdeeprespect,fromthedepthsofyourheart.OnthisthemasterYesheDe,inhiscommentary,notesthat"ThegooddeedyoudobyprostratingtoasingleBuddhaisbeyondanymeansofmeasuring.Sothere'snoneedtomentionwhatagoodnessitistopicturethismanyBuddhas,andthenprostrateyourselftothem."K<XKX<N8~ K< V # < 0 < < / 7 d # : : < ` d # , / 6 $ - + - 5 < < # < 2 # < / % +  4&d  B 4&d  B# % # Y { : / d # < + $ + < ` < / Z < - * 0 < % + 8 + ` 8 : + 0 $ , < 0 BB- P 9 + 0 # < : 9 $ # : < 5 $ F 0 < ` E : n 9 / + $ i $ < 0 ( 0 - 9 : :  ^*"" B ^*"" Bd # e 7 + 8 $ 8 : F 0 < ` / 6 $ - 7 + - : 9 / ) + + - 7 Y / < /  + + BB+ < ! , , < / y $ < ) 7 : < # % # # < d # e < - 7 $ / < + , 0 < & , : < BB+ 1 0 b < d # e < - , / < + , 0 < ; , ) & 7 5 < y / + - , 8 ; < Z # < $ $ NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thisishowweexplainwhatitistoprostratethrougheachoneofthethree ? doorsofexpression.Thefirstistheprostrationinbody,andisfoundintheoneversethatincludesthelines"DeedsofGoodness"[Thefullversereads: ` Byallthepower ` OftheprayerofDeedsofGoodness ` EachandeveryVictoriousOne ` Isactuallyhere ` Beforemymind, ` AndIbowmyselftothem ` Perfectly, ` Withbodiesthatareasmany ` Astheatoms ` Ofalltheworlds ` Oftheuniverse.]&  HerefirstpictureeachandeveryVictoriousOne,thoseofeveryplace,andthoseofeverytime;seetheminyourmind,asiftheywereactuallyherebeforeyou.Then'Dsendforthcopiesofyourself,bodiesthatareequalinnumbertotheatomsofalltheworldsoftheuniverse,andbowdowntothem.K<XKX<N8~ K< 8 + ` d # , E : # % # Y $ , 5 < - 7 2 # < / % + # % # Y E : n 9 / 9  ,!\ B ,!\ B9 7 Y $ , 7 $ E : * 0 < % + ` i $ < + $ 0 ( 0 - 7 < $ < { < 7 " 9 e $ < 0 < BB` < / U 9 / 7 + / < , / 5 # < - : + + # # 8 , ) , B < < l , - 7 0 < - /  + BB/ 7 NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Nextistheprostrationinmind.Thistooisfoundinasingleverse,theone )! withthewords"Atopasingleatom."[Thefullversereads:B B R+# &  B B ` Atopasingleatom ` AreBuddhasasmany' ` Asalltheatoms ` Thereare. ` Aroundthemare ` Theirsonsanddaughters. ` Isee ` Everycornerofspace, ` Eachandeveryplace,&   ` Filledlikethis, ` WithVictors.]'ŘImagineeverysingleatomoftheuniverse,andatopeachoneseeBuddhas,asmanyasalltheatomsthereare.TheseBuddhasaresurroundedbytheirfollowers,allthebodhisattvas.Trytohaveafeelingwhereyousee,whereyousenseyouareinthepresenceof,alltheirincrediblegoodqualities.K<XKX<N8~ K< $ # # d # , + + # / W # < / 5 < - 7 2 # < / % + # % # Y 8 : F 0 < `  Iy B Iy B8 , ) , b / W # < - 6 + 0 ; < - F 0 < : < 9 9 : 0 # / + - # ) 0 + - + $ BB0 # 9 9 : N + - # ) 0 + - 9 : / 9 # < $ < - P 9 e < , < X , - 7 + e $ < BB` < / B + - 7 7 + 9 + e $ < , / Y + - 8 , : + 7 8 , : # , { Y N 7 { BB0 2 , 0 $ - 7 2 # # NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Lastistheprostrationinspeech.Thisoneisfoundinthesingleversewhich ! mentions"mywordsofadmiration."[Thefullversereads: ` Isingthepraises ` Ofallthose ` WhohaveGonetoBliss; ` Iproclaim ` Thehighqualities ` OfeachandeveryVictor; ` AndmywordsofadmirationB B ` Areanoceanthatwillneverdry, *"  &  B B ` Aseaofsound ` Fromtheseedofharmony.]'Speaknowwordsofadmiration,wordsthatneverend,foreachoftheholybeingsbeforeyou,inasongoflovelyharmony.Dothisthewayitisdescribedintheotherbooks;turneachheadofyourbodiesintoaninfinitenumberoftongues,andsing.Hereintheversetheword"harmony"referstothepraisesyousing,andtheir"seed"iswhatmakesthemcomeout;thatis,yourtongue.Thewords"sea"and"ocean"expresstheideaofamultitude.JX! XXKX<"n  ' "&  [b]"| n ' "J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ 0 & + - 7 8 , : # : v , 8 + - 7 0 & + - , 0 ) # + 0 - 5 < - 7    B   B2 # < / % + # ( < ) 0 ) # + 0 - , T + $ 0 7 8 : : < # < - 7 0 ) # H + + BBe $ / < : 0 'n1F 0 < < n $ / , 0 ) # [ 2 # < \ : ) / { < - Y + # ( < ! BB8 $ + $ < + $ / % < 0 * 0 < % + + < : X , , 9 : 0 { + % , + $ 7 / + - + $ BB/ E $ / + $ + g : / F 0 < < e # - , \ < 5 0 - 7 Q # 7 # + # < 0 & # BB, # + # < F 0 < ` 0 & # # 0 9 0 , \ < 0 9 : < # < - l 5 0 5 $ 7 + BB# < : / + $ 9 , & / 7 , 9 / 7 + # < : / 7 / + # - , / + # \ < 9 / + $ BB[ # % # - 7 , / 6 7 + 0 - , # < * 0 < % + ` 0 & # # l 0 & # , \ < & BB8 , & / ) # < : / 6 9 ) Y $ # < 0 + l $ + Q $ / 7 l < / V < - 7 & : < # < BB- 7 d 0 . 9 0 , \ < 5 0 - 7 d 0 # ) 9 5 $ / + # ) 9 $ / * 0 - 9 e < BB- 7 0 + ` : 7 " 9 o < - 7 2 , d \ : / 7 9 0 - { + $ A 0 < 9 9 / + $ 0 ( 0 BB- 7 NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thisbringsustothesecondingredient:offering.Theofferingwhichdoeshave *@" somethinghigherisfoundinthetwoversesthatcontainthewords"holyflowers".[Thefullversesread: +$ Ї ` Imakeofferings ` Toallofthese ` VictoriousOnes; ` HolyFlowers,holygarlands, ` Cymbalsandointments, ` Thehighestparasol, ` Thehighestlamp, ` Andholyincenses. ` Imakeofferings ` Toallofthese ` VictoriousOnes; ` Holysilkenclothing, ` Thehighestscent, ` Andamountainofincensepowder ` HighasMeru" w   ` Allsetforth ` Inawaymorelovely ` Thananyotherthingthereis.]Thewords"holyflower"refertothemostwondrousbloomsofallinthelandsofbothpleasurebeingsandhumans;heretheyaresingleflowers."Garlands"areassortmentsofflowerspressedtogetheronastring.Eitherway,theflowerscanberealones,ormadeofotherthings.Theword"cymbals"referstoalltypesofmusic,whetherit'sonastringedinstrument,awindinstrument,orpercussionlikedrumsorcymbals."Ointments"arethickpotionswithadelicioussmellofincense.The"highestparasol"isthefinestofallumbrellalikecoverings.The"highestlamp"isonethatburnsfromafragrantmixturelikeincenseandbutter;itshinesbright,andgivesforthalightaslovelyastheflaskofapreciousgem.Theincensementionedcanbeeitherthekindthatisaconcoctionofvarioussweetsmellingsubstances,orjustoneofthesesubstancesbyitself."Holysilkenclothing"referstothefinestofalltheclothingthereis."Highestscent"meansperfumedliquidpresentedintheformofawateroffering;itismadeofwater,orsomethingsimilar,imbueswithadeliciousscentsopowerfulthatitcanspreadthroughouttheentiresystemofathousandthousandplanets."Incensepowder"referstoincenseintheformofpowder,whichyoueitherspreaditselforsprinkleatopafiretomakeafragrantsmoke.Itisin g+#' packets,orelselaidoutinlineslikethecoloredsandusedtodrawamandala,inahugemassashighandwideasMeru,thegreatmountaininthecenteroftheworld.Thephrase"setforth"appliestoeachofthesubstancesthatarebeingoffered;theoriginalSanskritwordherecanmean"majority,"or"putforth,"or"various."K<XKX<N8~ K< / ! + - , # $ 0 ! , b 0 * 9 9 / Y . : & / + $ < - + $ [ 2 # < - :  H B H Be 7 0 & + - v , 0 + - , 0 & + - # $ F 0 < 5 < - 7 2 # < / % + # % # Y v , 8 + - , 7 ' # D , - 7 0 & + - 8 , - < 7 + 9 , e $ & / < 0 < + - 7 : BB< # < - 0 * % , F 0 < ` < / 6 $ + # : / 7 2 # ? $ - * 0 # ( < , # $ 0 BB+ # ( < 0 2 $ / * 0 < % + : 9 ) d # + $ 0 & + - F 0 < ` ! , y $ + $ 8 : BBY , - 7 NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Theotherkindofofferingistheonewhichdoesnothaveanythinghigher.  Thisoneisfoundinthesingleversewhichincludesthewords"Anyandeveryoffering."[Thefullversereads: ` Iseeaswell ` Anyandeveryoffering ` Unsurpassed,reachingfarandwide, ` HandeduptoeveryVictor; ` Byallthepowerofmyfaith ` IntheDeedsofGoodnessmayItruly ` Bowdownandmakeofferings ` OntoalltheVictors.]Offeringswhichwesay"havesomethinghigher"arethoseofworldlybeings.Thereforetheofferingsmadeinthisverseconsistofallthemanywondrousthingsthatverypowerfulbeings,suchasbodhisattvas,arecapableofemanatingwiththeirmind.Thewordsofthesecondhalfofthisverseshouldbeappliedanywhereinthe +($  versesbeforewheretheintentisnotstateddirectly.Theirfunctionistoexpressboththemotivationwithwhichtheprostrationandofferingaremade,aswellastheobjecttowardswhichtheyaredirected.JX! XXKX<" (t t '"[c]"|t  (t '"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ Z # - / ; # < - 7 8 , : # , 7 + + & # < 5 < - 7 2 # < / % + # % # Y  t  { + # # < 0 : / D , , < # 5 : < : < # < - # < 0 b < 9 $ / 5 , , / + # # < BB/ b < - Y + 8 $ + $ < < 9 $ # < e / + : 5 # < - + $ # 5 , e + + / % # - BB+ $ # 5 , b < e < - : 8 9 $ / 7 + + # * 0 < % + 9 / Z < - , % 0 & < BB- 5 < - Y + + # # ( < + 0 # < l , , < W 0 : 7 b + % $ d 0 : / Z 0 - 7 BB< 0 < ` < X $ * # - , < / ; # < , W 9 e < 7 . : / 7 & + % $ d 0 F 0 < 7 n BB7 & + + NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thethirdingredientisconfession,andisfoundinthesingleversewiththe 1a  words"likeanddislike".[Thefullversereads: ` Iconfess,onebyone, ` Eachandeveryone ` Ofallthewrongdeeds ` Imayhavecommitted ` Inactionorword, ` Andalsothought, ` Motivatedbylikeordislike, ` Orbydarkignorance.]Thisreferstowhatwasdonewithoneofthethreementalpoisonsasitscause;andwithmybodyoroftherestasthevehicle;andwithanatureofhavingbeencommitted,eitherdirectlybymyself,orbysomeoneelseatmybidding,orbysomeoneelsewithmygladnessthatitwasdone.Thewords"allthewrongdeedsImayhavecommitted"aremeanttoincludealltheseelements.Trytobringtomindalltheproblemsthatthesedeedswillbringyou,andsofeelregretforwhateveryouhavedoneinthepast,andasensetorestrain |+# yourselfinthefuture.Thenmakeyourconfession.Doingthispreventsanyfuturewrongfromstartingatall.JX! XXKX<"& V  '"[d]"|  ? '"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ B < < 8 9 $ / 7 8 , : # , d # < / % 7 { : / 5 < - 7 2 # < / % +    B   B# % # Y # $ 6 # M - + 7 + # / 7 . , 8 , l , , < + / : - < # ) 9 C + - P 9 + # 7 / BB/ V 0 - 7 NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thefourthingredientisrejoicing,andisfoundintheoneverse $  withthewords"Victorsinanyofthetendirections."[Thefullversereads: ` Irejoice ` Overeverysingleone ` Ofthegooddeedseverdone ` Bybeingsinanyofthetendirections: ` ByalloftheVictors, ` ByalloftheirSonsandDaughters, ` BythoseSelfMade, ` Bythoseonthepathsoflearning,&   ` Bythoseonthepathsdonelearning, ` Byanyoneatall.]'MTrytothinkaboutthegreatgoodnessthatcomesfromthevirtuousdeedsofthesefivedifferentkindsofholybeings,anddwellinasenseofgladness,likeabeggarwhohasstumbledacrossamineofgold.JX! XXKX<"0#`""'"[e]"|"0#`"'"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ & < 7 " 9 / U 9 / 9 / U : / 7 8 , : # , # $ F 0 < d # < / % 7 5 <  " B " B- 7 2 # < / % + # % # Y d # < / % 7 5 $ + e $ & / ) F 0 - 9 < $ < { < ) 0 BB& # < ; $ * # < - 0 + - 7 0 a , - / C < , < 9 $ + 0 : , - F 0 < : : < ` $ BB+ X + + : , < & < Y , - 9 / U : 0 # + / / y / + - , 8 ; < Z < e $ & /  )E! B )E! BF 0 - 9 < $ < { < 5 < / ) , , < / ; + - 0 3 + + NX8X N8KX< X XNX8ThefifthingredientisurgingholyonestoturntheWheeloftheDharma.This   isfoundintheoneversewiththewords"Whoinallthetendirections."[Thefullversereads: ` Lampswholight ` Eachoftheworlds ` Inallthetendirections ` Ofspace; ` Thosewhohavetaken ` Eachofthesteps ` ToBuddhahood, ` Andsoreached ` Thestatebeyonddesire, ` TheBuddha'senlightenment; ` SaviorsIurgeYouall, ` TurntheWheeloftheDharma, ` Nothingishigher.]ThisverseisaddressedtothosewhoinparadisesinallthetendirectionsofspacehavebutonlyrecentlyfoundBuddhahoodintheBuddha'sperfectenlightenment"whohavereachedthestatebeyonddesire,aknowledgewhich I goesanywhereitwants,&  unstoppable.Weareurgingthemtosendforthanequalnumberofbodies,tocomeandteachtheDharma.'=ThecommentarybyYesheDegivestheroottexthereas"foundBuddhahoodintheBuddha'sperfectenlightenment"[ratherthan"takeneachofthestepstoBuddhahood,"andIhavefollowedhim.]JX! XXKX<"#-y#y#'"[f]"|y##-y#'"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ # < : / 7 + / < - 7 8 , : # , f $ , 7 + 7 Y , 5 < - 7 2 # < / % +  y# B y# B# % # Y d # < / % 7 5 $ + f $ , : < 7 + 7 / 7 2 : Y , - F 0 < : 7 i / BBF 0 < : . # < < . , - + $ # , < U / < < / + / /  + - 7 d 9 + 5 $ " 0 < ` BBE : n 9 / ` i $ < + $ 0 ( 0 - 7 / U : - 9 f $ , 0 7 + 7 / 9 / 5 # < - 9 : <  )"  B )"  B+ - # ) 0 + - 9 e < ) # < : / # + / / NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Thesixthingredientissupplication,andisfoundintheoneversewhich   containsthewords"pretendtopassintonirvana."[Thefullversereads: ` Ipressmypalmsatmybreast, ` Andmakethissupplication ` Toallofthosewhomayintend ` Topretendtopassintonirvana: ` Stay,Ipraytohelpallbeings ` Andbringthemtohappiness; ` Stayforeonsequalinnumber ` Totheatomsofeveryworld.]Herewearemakingsupplicationtoallthoseinworldsofthetendirectionsofspacewhomightpretendtopassintonirvana.Wearerequestingthemtostay,ultimatelytobringallbeingshelp,andintheinterimtogivethemhappiness.Weaskthemtostay,andnottopasson,foreonsequalintheirnumbertoalltheatomsthatmakeupthevariousworldsoftheuniverse.Wemakeoursupplication,prayingthattheywillremain,inbodiesbeyondallcounting.JX! XXKX<"I'I"&  [g]"|I'I"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ / W / 7 8 , : # , d # 7 2 : / + $ 5 < - 7 2 # < / % + + # $ # 8 ,  I B I B: # l # # + # / < 0 2 , , < + # I * 0 < % + < 0 < % , * 0 < % + + $ * , 0 $ BB+ e < ) 'J # < - 7 e $ & / ` { 9 7 + , - l # - < / W < - < , 0 8 $ 0 7 3 + BB- 7 + P 9 2 # + + # # + , # / 9 e < : 8 + # 5 , + 0 8 $ < - 9 + : / < BB' U + / Y , - / 5 , + e < , / < + , 0 < ` . $ - + - # ) 0 + - 7 3 , ) + BBP 9 , d # + $ 0 & + - + $ / U : / + $ # < : / # + / - + $ 8 9 $ + $ M , BB0 * , z , 2 # < # < # - 8 , : / ; # < - , 7 # : z , / - $ / + $ 8 BB9 $ # d # < # % # 9 $ # + # / e < - : + # 7 / / V 0 - , 9 $ # + # / \ :  *# B *# B/ 9 8 $ 7 b 9 9 / W / < , / < # < - + $ $ < - + $ \ : / 7 + # / F 0 < BB( $ $ 7 $ & < 0 $ / 9 \ : / + $ # , < U / < < 7 o < / d $ Y 6 + - 9 7 b 9 / BBF 0 < ` $ , 0 8 $ 0 6 + - 9 e + - Y / Z , / < # - + $ $ / + $ \ : 5 $ 0 BB6 + - 9 e + - # < 0 + 7 + 7 NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Theseventhingredientisdedication,whichisfoundintheversewiththe $T words"prostrationsand..."[Thefullversereads: ` Idedicate ` Tomyfutureenlightenment ` Allmymerit, ` Whateverlittlegoodness ` Imayhavegatheredhere ` Bybowingmyselfandoffering, ` Byconfessingandrejoicing, ` Byurgingandsupplication.]&  Herewearetakingallthevirtuousseedswithinus,representedbythegoodnesswehaveaccomplishedinpracticingthesixingredientsthathavealreadycome,and'`Ԁdedicatingthemasacauseforthefullenlightenmentofourselvesandeverylivingbeing,together.Makethisdedicationwithtremendouswill,andthepowerofyourgoodwillflowforever,andneverfinish.ReadthisprayerasIhavetaughtyoutohere;understandwhateachversemeans,andsayitoutslowly,withoutlettingyourmindwandertosomethingelse.Ifyoucandothis,thenyouwillgainagreatmountainofgooddeeds,beyondanykindofmeasuring.&  Fiveoftheingredientswehavelistedhere"prostrating,offering,urging, %, supplicating,andrejoicing"helpyoutogathertogetherthedifferentfactors &- thatareconduciveto'%thepath.Oneofthem,confessing,helpsyoucleanyourselfofthefactorsthatareobstacles,onesthatopposethepath.Onepartofrejoicing"dwellinginasenseofgladnessoverthegoodyouhavedone )"  yourself"alsofunctionstomultiplyyourvirtue. *#!  +$" Dedicationworkstomultiply,fantastically,eventheminorgooddeedsyouhavedoneintheactsofgathering,andcleaning,andmultiplying.Italsotakesgooddeedsthatareshortterm,thosethataregoingtogiveagoodresultandthendisappear,andchangesthemsothattheywillneverbeexhausted.Inbrief,itfunctionsinallthreeways:toBWX(Ca:;BBYXXC[:;Bgather,toclean,andtomultiplysuchthatgoodnessneverends.JX! XXKX<" g _g '_"[6"|g _ g '_"" g _g '_"]"|g _ g '_"J!'IXJX!N8J!Ԁ + , < + 0 # < - # < : / 9 e < , < 0 "g _g '_"pJ "Lg _g '_": . : ) / ; < # ( , : 0 # <  g _ B g _ B- , < / + # # ( < < 0 2 , 0 9 7 3 , - 7 / 9 b d , % : # # v [ 0 * 7 + # BBf 9 + 7 # # - + $ / ; < # ( , : # < - , < / + # 0 + - 7 + " , ( + D # < BB- 7 / 9 b d , % 0 : # - 7 v [ * 0 < % + / + v # )  / + $ d + $ , $ # BB/ 9 & + * 0 < % + ( / 9 5 / 9 e , b < / x / ) # < : 5 < : , 0 $ + 7 + , - BBl # - < # < : / # + / - 9 e 7 NX8X N8KX< X XNX8Forthesixthandfinalpreliminary,refreshyourvisualization,andmakean   offeringofamandala.ThemmakearequestthattheLamasblessthestreamofyourmind.AskThemtohelpyoustop,quickly,everythingfromdisrespectingyourSpiritualGuideonuptograspingtosomeingrainedselfBBnature,ineitherofitstwoforms.AskThemtohelpyoudevelop,smoothly,everysinglekindofthoughtwhichisperfectandunmistaken;everythingfromrespectforyourSpiritualGuide,onuptotherealizationofsuchness,thefactthatnothinghasanynatureofits&  own.Andaskthemfinallytohelpyouputafinalendtoallthethings,withinyouoroutsideofyou,thatmightobstructyourspiritualprogress.'n ;Makethissupplicationoverandover,manytimes,withfiercehopesforitssuccess.BTW(Ca:;BBVYC[:;BUX< XXKX<BB7U<X XdXXd7%  D